{"id":857,"date":"2018-05-28T12:29:44","date_gmt":"2018-05-28T04:29:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=857"},"modified":"2018-06-07T14:41:57","modified_gmt":"2018-06-07T06:41:57","slug":"%e9%a6%ac%e5%85%8b%e6%80%9d%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9%e6%96%87%e5%ad%b8%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%97%e5%af%a7%e8%ab%96%e6%89%98%e7%88%be%e6%96%af%e6%b3%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=857","title":{"rendered":"\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6587\u5b78\uff1a\u5217\u5be7\u8ad6\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u548c\u6069\u683c\u65af\u90fd\u662f\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u611b\u597d\u8005\u3002\u6cd5\u570b\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u62c9\u6cd5\u683c\uff08Paul Lafargue\uff09\u56de\u61b6\u8aaa\uff0c\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u66fe\u6253\u7b97\u5b8c\u6210\u4ed6\u7684\u5927\u4f5c\u300a\u8cc7\u672c\u8ad6\u300b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5168\u529b\u6295\u5165\u70ba\u5df4\u723e\u624e\u514b\uff08Honor\u00e9 de Balzac\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u4eba\u9593\u559c\u5287\u300b\uff08<em>La Comedie Humaine<\/em>\uff09\u5beb\u6587\u85dd\u8a55\u8ad6\u3002\uff081978\uff09\u6069\u683c\u65af\u4e5f\u66fe\u7d93\u5728\u66f8\u4fe1\u88e1\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5df4\u723e\u624e\u514b\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u662f\u5927\u5e2b\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5de6\u62c9\uff08\u00c9mile Zola\uff09\u8981\u597d\uff1a\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u8aaa\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5df4\u723e\u624e\u514b\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e2d\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u6cd5\u570b\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u793e\u6703\u98a8\u8c8c\u3002\uff08Engles\uff0c1981\uff09<!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5df4\u723e\u624e\u514b\u5728\u300a\u590f\u500d\u4e0a\u6821\u300b\uff08<em>Le Colonel Chabert<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u982d\u5922\u9b58\uff0c\u58d3\u5728\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u7684\u80f8\u53e3\u4e0a\u3002\uff08Balzac\uff0c1954\uff09\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e5f\u66fe\u501f\u7528\u9019\u500b\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u8aaa\u904e\u4e00\u5e2d\u8a71\uff1a\u300c\u4eba\u5275\u9020\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4e0d\u662f\u96a8\u5fc3\u6240\u6b32\u7684\u53bb\u5275\u9020\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u662f\u6309\u81ea\u5df1\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u53bb\u5275\u9020\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6309\u7d93\u6b77\u3001\u88ab\u7d66\u4e88\u7684\u3001\u7531\u904e\u53bb\u50b3\u905e\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u53bb\u5275\u9020\u3002\u4e00\u773e\u901d\u53bb\u7684\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u5728\u73fe\u4e16\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u8166\u4e2d\u91cd\u5f97\u50cf\u500b\u5922\u9b58\u3002\u300d\uff08Marx\uff0c1954\uff0c\u980110\uff09<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u300a\u590f\u500d\u4e0a\u6821\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u5949\u62ff\u7834\u502b\u4e4b\u547d\u53c3\u8207\u57c3\u52de\u6230\u5f79\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u5728\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u53d7\u4e86\u91cd\u50b7\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u96a8\u8ecd\u968a\u56de\u570b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u8aa4\u5831\u70ba\u9663\u4ea1\u4e86\u3002\u7576\u4ed6\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u56de\u5230\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u6574\u500b\u793e\u6703\u5df2\u7d93\u8ddf\u5f9e\u524d\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u66fe\u7d93\u662f\u62ff\u7834\u502b\u8ecd\u968a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0a\u6821\uff0c\u4f46\u73fe\u5728\u9023\u62ff\u7834\u502b\u90fd\u88ab\u6d41\u653e\u4e86\uff0c\u59bb\u5b50\u4e5f\u8ddf\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7d50\u4e86\u5a5a\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0d\u5e78\u53ef\u8b02\u662f\u793e\u6703\u6574\u500b\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u96d6\u7136\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u6c92\u6709\u5c0d\u5df4\u723e\u624e\u514b\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u9032\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f46\u5df4\u723e\u624e\u514b\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5c31\u50cf\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u5922\u9b58\u300d\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8166\u4e2d\u5f98\u5f8a\u4e0d\u6563\u3002\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u610f\u5411\u53c8\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u6b77\u53f2\u6240\u5275\u9020\u7684\u5922\u9b58\uff0c\u50b3\u905e\u5230\u5217\u5be7\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u5f80\u5f8c\u8a66\u5716\u900f\u904e\u7814\u8b80\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u6587\u85dd\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5217\u5be7\u8ad6\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u516d\u7bc7\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u8ac7\u4ed61908\u5e74\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\uff1a\u3008\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4f5c\u70ba\u4fc4\u570b\u9769\u547d\u7684\u93e1\u3009\uff08Leo Tolstoy as the Mirror of the Russian Revolution\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u70ba\u526f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4f5c\u70ba\u4fc4\u570b\u9769\u547d\u7684\u93e1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u8b80\u5217\u5be7\u8ad6\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u9996\u500b\u8981\u9ede\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7f8e\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6240\u8b02\u4e00\u500b\u7d14\u6587\u5b78\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u8996\u89ba\u3002\u53c8\u63db\u500b\u89d2\u5ea6\u8aaa\uff0c\u6587\u85dd\u6279\u8a55\u9019\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u80cc\u5f8c\u7e3d\u5e36\u6709\u67d0\u7a2e\u653f\u6cbb\u6216\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0a\u7684\u610f\u5716\u3002\u5217\u5be7\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u628a\u63e1\u7740\u9019\u500b\u8981\u9ede\uff0c\u4ed6\u9019\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u4e5f\u6beb\u4e0d\u4fee\u98fe\u5730\uff0c\u5927\u8ac7\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4f5c\u54c1\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u548c\u5b83\u8ddf1905\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4fc4\u570b\u9769\u547d\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u3008\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4f5c\u70ba\u4fc4\u570b\u9769\u547d\u7684\u93e1\u3009\u9019\u500b\u6587\u7ae0\u6a19\u984c\u5df2\u7d93\u628a\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u610f\u900f\u9732\u4e86\u591a\u534a\uff1a\u5b83\u60f3\u8981\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u662f\u90a3\u6bb5\u6642\u4ee3\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u7522\u7269\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u662f\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u56e0\u7531\uff0c\u5b83\u540c\u6642\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f5c\u54c1\u80fd\u5920\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u9762\u93e1\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8ad6\u65e8\u53c8\u99ac\u4e0a\u5f15\u7533\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u610f\u6db5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5c0d\u6587\u5b78\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u7814\u8b80\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u662f\u5c0d\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u7814\u7fd2\u3002\u6587\u5b78\u56e0\u6b64\u53c8\u53ef\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u6307\u5f15\u3002\u6587\u5b78\u4f5c\u54c1\u548c\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u662f\u93e1\u9762\u7684\u5c0d\u7167\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u6c92\u6240\u8b02\u812b\u96e2\u6b77\u53f2\u8a9e\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u628a\u63e1\u7740\u9019\u9ede\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u4fbf\u958b\u59cb\u6279\u8a55\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0d\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u80e1\u4e82\u89e3\u8b80\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5148\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u7406\u8b80\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c97\u66b4\u5f0f\u865b\u507d\u7684\u5178\u7bc4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u6628\u65e5\u628a\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u50cf\u72d7\u4e00\u822c\u8ffd\u6253\uff0c\u800c\u4eca\u65e5\u53c8\u628a\u4ed6\u63a8\u8209\u70ba\u611b\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u80cc\u5f8c\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8fce\u5408\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u9019\u660e\u986f\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u8003\u616e\u5230\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u53c8\u63a5\u7740\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5b98\u8154\u5f0f\u7684\u8b9a\u8b7d\u5176\u5be6\u9a19\u4e0d\u4e86\u8ab0\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u662f\u53f3\u7ffc\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u5f0f\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u7740\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u986f\u51fa\u4e00\u526f\u6b23\u52e4\u548c\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u6a23\u5b50\uff0c\u8aaa\u4ed6\u662f\u795e\u7684\u8ffd\u96a8\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u7576\u4e2d\u7121\u4e00\u76f8\u4fe1\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u5f0f\u7684\u795e\u3002\u4e0d\u50c5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7121\u8996\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u4e0d\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u8aaa\u5230\u5e95\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u9023\u7e6b\u5230\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u7684\u5927\u540d\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u53d6\u5f97\u653f\u6cbb\u8cc7\u672c\u3002\uff08Lenin\uff0c1973\uff09<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5217\u5be7\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u559c\u6b61\u4eba\u5c0d\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4f5c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f0f\u6216\u4e2d\u7522\u5f0f\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5967\u5a01\u723e\uff08George Orwell\uff09\u4e5f\u66fe\u7d93\u63d0\u904e\u9019\u9ede\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\u4ed6\u66fe\u7d93\u8b80\u904e\u5217\u5be7\u59bb\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u5c0f\u66f8\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u8a18\u8ff0\u4e86\u5217\u5be7\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u85dd\u8853\u5287\u9662\u770b\u72c4\u66f4\u65af\uff08Charles Dickens\uff09\u7684\u300a\u7076\u4e0a\u87cb\u87c0\u300b\uff08<em>The Cricket on the Hearth<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u5979\u8aaa\uff0c\u72c4\u66f4\u65af\u7684\u4e2d\u7522\u60c5\u7dd2\u8b93\u5217\u5be7\u611f\u5230\u7169\u8e81\uff0c\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u770b\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u4e2d\u9014\u96e2\u5834\u3002\uff081976\uff09<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u6279\u8a55\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u548c\u53f3\u7ffc\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\u5f8c\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u53c8\u6253\u7b97\u600e\u6a23\u7406\u89e3\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\uff1f\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u548c\u4fe1\u5949\u300c\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u6027\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u628a\u4fc4\u570b\u4eba\u6587\u98a8\u8c8c\u5c55\u73fe\u5f97\u6d3b\u9748\u6d3b\u73fe\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u9084\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u6d41\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u8005\uff1b\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u500b\u8ff7\u6200\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5730\u4e3b\u968e\u7d1a\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u7684\u865b\u5047\u8207\u865b\u507d\u6beb\u4e0d\u7559\u624b\u5730\u52a0\u4ee5\u6279\u8a55\uff1b\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u300d\u537b\u662f\u5bec\u5df1\u56b4\u4eba\uff0c\u6eff\u53e3\u6b6a\u7406\u3002\uff08Lenin\uff0c1967\uff0c\u980129\uff09<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5217\u5be7\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u628a\u63e1\u5230\u7576\u6642\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u8eab\u4e0a\u6240\u986f\u73fe\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u500b\u4eba\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff1b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u5922\u9b58\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5922\u9b58\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5076\u7136\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u300a\u590f\u500d\u4e0a\u6821\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f9e\u6230\u5834\u7684\u50b7\u75d5\u4e2d\u56de\u5230\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u5df4\u9ece\u98a8\u666f\u4f9d\u820a\uff0c\u4eba\u9762\u5168\u975e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u89ba\u5f97\u6709\u4e00\u96bb\u5922\u9b58\u58d3\u5728\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80f8\u53e3\u4e0a\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u9023\u547c\u5438\u4e00\u53e3\u6c23\u90fd\u611f\u5230\u964c\u751f\u3002\u5217\u5be7\u5c31\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u548c\u6559\u7fa9\u4e2d\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff3b\u2026\u2026\uff3d\u5c55\u73fe\u4e86\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u5f8c\u4e09\u5206\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u8655\u5883\u3002\u300d\uff08\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u980129\uff09<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7684\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u4e00\u5927\u542b\u610f\uff0c\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u8ddf\u53f3\u7ffc\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u932f\u8aa4\u8a55\u50f9\u4e86\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\uff0c\u5176\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u8a55\u50f9\u6642\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8003\u616e\u5230\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u7684\u4fc4\u570b\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u53ea\u662f\u4ee5\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4f5c\u70ba\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u50b3\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7528\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u773c\u5149\u4f86\u770b\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u662f\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u4f46\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5217\u5be7\u6240\u53cd\u5c0d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u5217\u5be7\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ee5\u73fe\u4eca\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u8a55\u50f9\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u5c0d\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u986f\u7136\u5730\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u4e0d\u80fd\u5426\u8a8d1905\u5e74\u7684\u9769\u547d\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u7531\u591a\u65b9\u52e2\u529b\u6240\u4fc3\u4f7f\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5c55\u73fe\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u8ad6\u8ff0\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u5c64\u5728\u7576\u4e0a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1f\u9019\u88e1\u4fbf\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u7684\u93e1\u50cf\uff1a\u9769\u547d\u7684\u672c\u8cea<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u99ac\u6b47\u96f7\uff08Pierre Macherey\uff09\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6587\u5b78\u4f5c\u54c1\u8ddf\u6b77\u53f2\u6709\u7740\u83ab\u5927\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u8b80\u4e00\u500b\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u6642\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u770b\u4f5c\u5bb6\u672c\u4eba\u6240\u8eab\u8655\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u771f\u5be6\u6027\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5316\u7d04\u70ba\u300c\u81ea\u767c\u7684\u300d\uff08spontaneous\uff09\u548c\u300c\u540c\u6642\u7684\u300d\uff08simultaneous\uff09\u7684\u5fc3\u9748\u72c0\u614b\u3002\uff08Macherey\uff0c1978\uff0c\u980119\uff09<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u542b\u610f\u662f\u6307\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4f5c\u5bb6\u6240\u5beb\u7684\u6771\u897f\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u5beb\u7684\u5176\u5be6\u5f80\u5f80\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6bd4\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u6240\u8eab\u8655\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u66f4\u65e9\u7684\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u624d\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u5176\u5f8c1905\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u7684\u93e1\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u4e5f\u8aaa\uff1a\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c6c\u65bc1861\uff0d1904\u9019\u500b\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u7d50\u96c6\u4e861905\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u3002\uff08Lenin\uff0c1967\uff0c\u980149\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u5176\u5f8c\u5728\u3008\u5217\u592b\uff0e\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u8207\u4ed6\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u3009\uff08Leo Tolstoy and His Epoch\uff09\u88e1\u8aaa\u88dc\u5145\uff1a\u96d6\u7136\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u672c\u4eba\u628a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6587\u85dd\u751f\u6daf\u5b9a\u5f97\u6bd41861\u5e74\u65e9\uff0c\u5b8c\u5f97\u4e5f\u6bd41905\u5e74\u8981\u665a\uff0c\u4f46\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4f5c\u54c1\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u9019\u6bb5\u6642\u671f\u7684\u601d\u6f6e\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u8aaa\u660e\u9019\u9ede\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u300a\u5b89\u5a1c\uff0e\u5361\u5217\u5c3c\u5a1c\u300b\uff08Anna Karenina\uff09 \u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u53e5\uff1a\u300c\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\u7269\u90fd\u5929\u7ffb\u5730\u8986\u3002\u300d\uff08Lenin\uff0c1967\uff0c\u980160\uff09<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u4e00\u4f86\u662f\u8981\u6307\u51fa1861-1905\u5e74\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u8207\u52d5\u76ea\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u5c0f\u8aaa\u8b8a\u6210\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u93e1\u3002\u4f46\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u628a\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u9769\u547d\u524d\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u5927\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u65bc\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6587\u5b78\u8207\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a\u6587\u5b78\u5728\u65bc\u53cd\u6620\u793e\u6703\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u9769\u547d\u5f8c\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u70ba\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u670d\u52d9\u624d\u7b97\u662f\u597d\u7684\u6587\u5b78\uff1b\u800c\u9769\u547d\u524d\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u5728\u65bc\u53cd\u6620\u793e\u6703\u5728\u9032\u5165\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u524d\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u8ad6\u53ca\u9019\u9ede\u6642\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9084\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5217\u5be7\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e31905\u7684\u9769\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u57281905\u5e74\uff0c\u9769\u547d\u7206\u767c\u5f8c\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u3008\u9ee8\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u9ee8\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u3009\uff08Party Organisation and Party Literature\uff09\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ea\u63d0\u5230\u6587\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u9084\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u5c0d\u9769\u547d\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u9019\u4e00\u53e5\uff1a\u300c\u9769\u547d\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6c99\u7687\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u80fd\u64ca\u6557\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u9769\u547d\u9084\u4e0d\u5177\u5099\u6253\u6557\u6c99\u7687\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u300d\uff08Lenin\uff0c1965\uff0c\u980144\uff09<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u9019\u5834\u9769\u547d\u662f\u7531\u591a\u65b9\u52e2\u529b\u6240\u4fc3\u4f7f\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53f3\u7ffc\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u5c0d\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u65b7\u65bd\u58d3\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u4ea6\u900f\u904e\u7f77\u5de5\uff0c\u5411\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u793a\u4e0d\u6eff\u3002\u9019\u90fd\u662f\u7576\u6642\u9020\u5c31\u9769\u547d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u5217\u5be7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5177\u77db\u76fe\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u8d77\u56e0\u3002\u4f46\u5f9e\u3008\u9ee8\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u9ee8\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u3009\u4e2d\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u9769\u547d\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u6bb5\u6b77\u53f2\u6642\u671f\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5b83\u9084\u5177\u6709\u6307\u5411\u5c07\u4f86\u7684\u9762\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u500b\u5c07\u4f86\u662f\u6307\u5f8c\u4f86\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u6709\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u6e05\u695a\u770b\u5230\u5217\u5be7\u7684\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u7f8e\u5b78\u6846\u67b6\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6587\u5b78\u9700\u4ee5\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u89e3\u8b80\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u77db\u76fe\uff1b\u627f\u63a5\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u800c\u9769\u547d\u5f8c\u662f\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5c55\u958b\u3002\u5728\u73fe\u4eca\u7684\u773c\u5149\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u6216\u8a31\u6709\u9ede\u7c97\u7cd9\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7576\u6642\u537b\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u99ac\u514b\u65af\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u5308\u7259\u5229\u7684\u76e7\u5361\u5947\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u91cb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0\u5c0d\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u548c\u5df4\u723e\u624e\u514b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ef\u8b80 Petrey\uff081988\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a>\u00a01910\u5e74\uff0c\u6258\u723e\u65af\u6cf0\u8207\u4e16\u9577\u8fad\uff0c\u5217\u5be7\u518d\u6b21\u64b0\u6587\u6279\u8a55\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u53f3\u7ffc\u5831\u7d19\u3002\uff08Lenin\uff0c1967\uff0c\u980151\uff09<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0\u99ac\u6b47\u96f7\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u591a\u8655\u5f15\u7528\u5217\u5be7\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u67e5\u4e0d\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u51fa\u8655\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u95b1\u8b80\u6642\u9808\u81ea\u884c\u5224\u65b7\u5b83\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a>\u00a0\u8b80\u8005\u53ef\u53c3\u8003 James\uff0c1973\uff0c\u98013-6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u66f8\u76ee<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gutenberg.org\/files\/1954\/1954-h\/1954-h.htm\">Balzac, H. D. (1954). <em>Colonel Chabert<\/em> (E. Marriage &amp; C. Bell, Trans.). Champaign, IL: Project Gutenberg.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/marx\/works\/1888\/letters\/88_04_15.htm\">Engels, F. (1981). \u201cEngels to Margaret Harkness In London.\u201d In Osers, E (ed.), <em>The Marx-Engels Correspondence: The Personal Letters, 1844 &#8211; 1877; A Selection<\/em>. London: Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>James, C. V. (1973). <em>Soviet Socialist Realism: Origins and Theory<\/em>. London: Palgrave Macmillan.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/lafargue\/1890\/xx\/marx.htm\">Lafargue, P. (1978). \u201cReminiscences of Marx.\u201d In <em>Marx and Engels through the eyes of their contemporaries<\/em>. Moscow: Progress.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Lenin, V. I. (1965). \u201cParty Organisation and Party Literature.\u201d In Cymbala, R (ed.), <em>Lenin Collected Works<\/em> (Vol. 10, pp. 44-49). Moscow: Progress.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/lenin\/works\/1911\/jan\/22.htm\">\u2500\u2500 (1967). <em>Lenin on Literature and Art<\/em>. London: Lawrence Wishart.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2500\u2500 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/lenin\/works\/1908\/sep\/11.htm\">(1973). \u201cLeo Tolstoy as the Mirror of the Russian Revolution.\u201d In Cymbala, R (ed.), <em>Lenin Collected Works<\/em> (Vol. 15, pp. 202-209). Moscow: Progress.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Macherey, P. (1978). \u201cLenin, Critic of Tolstoy.\u201d In <em>A Theory of Literary Production<\/em> (G. Wall, Trans.). London: Routledge &amp; Kegan Paul.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/orwell.ru\/library\/reviews\/dickens\/english\/e_chd\">Orwell, G. (1976). <em>Inside the Whale<\/em>. Harmondsworth (Middlesex): Penguin Books.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Petrey, S. (1988). \u201cThe Reality of Representation: Between Marx and Balzac.\u201d <em>Critical Inquiry<\/em>, 14(3), 448-468.<\/p>\n<p>Marx, K. (1954). <em>The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte<\/em>. Moscow: Progress.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u548c\u6069\u683c\u65af\u90fd\u662f\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u611b\u597d\u8005\u3002\u6cd5\u570b\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u62c9\u6cd5\u683c\uff08Paul Lafargue\uff09\u56de\u61b6\u8aaa\uff0c\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u66fe\u6253\u7b97\u5b8c\u6210\u4ed6\u7684\u5927\u4f5c\u300a\u8cc7\u672c\u8ad6\u300b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5168\u529b\u6295\u5165\u70ba\u5df4\u723e\u624e\u514b\uff08Honor\u00e9 de Balzac\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u4eba\u9593\u559c&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":54,"featured_media":858,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[428,107],"tags":[425,466,467,448,465],"ppma_author":[730],"aioseo_notices":[],"authors":[{"term_id":730,"user_id":54,"is_guest":0,"slug":"ethelredtang","display_name":"\u827e\u82e6","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2b03f28660dadb720742536ec87ce52f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","first_name":"\u827e\u82e6","last_name":"","user_url":"","description":""}],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/857"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/54"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=857"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/857\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/858"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=857"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=857"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=857"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fppma_author&post=857"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}