{"id":586,"date":"2017-11-13T23:20:04","date_gmt":"2017-11-13T15:20:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=586"},"modified":"2017-11-13T23:20:04","modified_gmt":"2017-11-13T15:20:04","slug":"%e8%81%96%e6%96%b9%e6%bf%9f%e7%9a%84%e6%b3%95%e5%a4%96%e7%8b%80%e6%85%8b%ef%bc%9a%e8%ae%80%e9%98%bf%e7%94%98%e6%9c%ac%e7%9a%84%e3%80%8a%e6%9c%80%e9%ab%98%e8%b2%a7%e7%aa%ae%e3%80%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=586","title":{"rendered":"\u8056\u65b9\u6fdf\u7684\u6cd5\u5916\u72c0\u614b\uff1a\u8b80\u963f\u7518\u672c\u7684\u300a\u6700\u9ad8\u8ca7\u7aae\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u574a\u9593\u5c0d\u610f\u5927\u5229\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u963f\u7518\u672c\uff08<\/span>Giorgio Agamben) <\/span>\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u96c6\u4e2d\u5176\u5c0d\u4f8b\u5916\u72c0\u614b\uff08<\/span>state of exception<\/span>\uff09\u3001\u88f8\u547d\uff08<\/span>bare life<\/span>\uff09\u6216\u7272\u4eba\uff08<\/span>homo sacer<\/i><\/span>\uff09\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u4f5c\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u601d\u8003\u7576\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u985e\u795e\u5b78\u300d\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8ad6\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8b02\u653f\u6cbb\u795e\u5b78\uff08<\/span>political theology<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5185\u5316\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8ad6\u6216\u6c11\u65cf\u8ad6\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u963f\u7518\u672c\u7684\u300c\u7272\u4eba\u300d\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u95dc\u6ce8\uff1b\u5728\u4ed6\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u5169\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u570b\u5ea6\u8207\u69ae\u8000\u300b\uff08<\/span>The Kingdom and the Glory<\/i><\/span>\uff09\u53ca\u300a\u6700\u9ad8\u8ca7\u7aae\u300b\uff08<\/span>The Highest Poverty<\/i><\/span>\uff09\u537b\u8f49\u5411\u5c0d\u7d93\u6fdf\u653f\u6cbb\u795e\u5b78\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8ad6\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u800c\u7279\u5225\u5728\u300a\u6700\u9ad8\u8ca7\u7aae\u300b\uff0c\u4ed6\u66f4\u4e0d\u65b7\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d93\u6fdf\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6cd5\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4e00\u5982\u665a\u671f\u798f\u67ef\uff08<\/span>Michel Foucault<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5c0d\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\uff08<\/span>bio-politics<\/span>\uff09\u6c92\u6709\u5168\u9762\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e26\u80af\u5b9a\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u6709\u5176\u6b63\u9762\u6027\uff0c\u7aef\u5728\u4e4e\u9019\u7a2e\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u5426\u53d7\u6cd5\u6240\u675f\u7e1b\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5426\u4e00\u7a2e\u6211\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u6cd5\u5916\u72c0\u614b\u300d\u7684\u6cd5\u5916\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08<\/span>Form-of-life outside law<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>
\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u300a\u6700\u9ad8\u8ca7\u7aae\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\uff08<\/span>Franciscan order<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u4fee\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ef\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u6848\u63a2\u8a0e\u300c\u6cd5\u5916\u72c0\u614b\u300d\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u5b83\u66fe\u662f\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f88\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u4fee\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u5617\u8a66\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u7a2e\u6cd5\u5916\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5236\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u6cd5\u7ba1\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span> \u3002\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5269\u9918\u7684\u6642\u9593\u300b\uff08<\/span>The Time That Remains<\/i><\/span>\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4fdd\u7f85\u5728\u300a\u7f85\u99ac\u66f8\u300b\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u4ee5\u6069\u5178\u975e\u5f8b\u6cd5\u4f86\u5efa\u7acb\u5f4c\u8cfd\u4e9e\u751f\u6d3b\uff08<\/span>Messianic life<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u69cb\u60f3\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4ee5\u6069\u5178\u4f5c\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08<\/span>Grace as Form-of-life<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u5411\u6240\u6709\u4e16\u4fd7\u6b0a\u529b\u51b3\u88c2\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u5411\u7f85\u99ac\u6cd5\u8207\u7336\u592a\u6cd5\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53ca\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u9032\u884c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7f6e\u61f8\uff08<\/span>inoperative<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u5373\u5c07\u8a72\u5169\u7a2e\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u6709\u529f\u80fd\u505c\u6b62\u3002[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u7684\u4fee\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d3b\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u6cd5\u5916\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5f97\u529b\u65bc\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u8056\u65b9\u6fdf\u4e00\u65e9\u5340\u5206\u4e86<\/span>forma vitae<\/i><\/span>\uff08\u6839\u64da\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u800c\u6d3b\uff09<\/span>\u8207<\/span>officium<\/i><\/span>\uff08\u6839\u64da\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u6703\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u800c\u6d3b\uff09\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span> \uff0c\u4ee4\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u7684\u4fee\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6c92\u6709\u843d\u5165\u5f8c\u8005\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u79ae\u5100\uff0c\u800c\u80fd\u6d3b\u51fa\u524d\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u6cd5\u5916\u7684\u3001\u300c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8ca7\u7aae\u300d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4fee\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e0d\u7e3d\u662f\u8655\u65bc\u9019\u9ebc\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u6cd5\u5916\u72c0\u614b\u300d\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u5b83\u7e3d\u662f\u53d7\u5236\u65bc\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7684\u6cd5\u5167\u751f\u6d3b\uff08<\/span>rule of law \/ regula vitae<\/i><\/span>\uff09\u3002\u963f\u7518\u672c\u7279\u5225\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u67d0\u4e9b\u4fee\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u5c07\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e16\u4fd7\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u52de\u52d5\u751f\u6d3b\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5bc6\u96c6\u6027\u53ca\u898f\u5f8b\u6027\u7684\u4fee\u7149\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0d\u65b7\u80cc\u7d93\u53ca\u656c\u62dc\uff0c\u8207\u4e16\u4fd7\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u7121\u7570\uff0c\u5c07\u795e\u8056\u7684\u4fee\u9053\u751f\u6d3b\u8207\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u751f\u6d3b\u7d50\u5408\u4e00\u9ad4\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u5ef7\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ea6\u504f\u96e2\u4e86\u4fee\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08\u6c99\u6f20\u4fee\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff09\u539f\u521d\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u6709\u522b\u65bc\u4e3b\u6d41\u6559\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee5\u6cd5\u70ba\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u5f4c\u8d5b\u4e9e\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u7fa4\u9ad4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u4fee\u9662\u4e5f\u6709\u5b88\u5247\uff0c\u4f46\u5b88\u5247\u662f\u4fee\u9662\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8f14\u52a9\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u51cc\u99d5\u4fee\u9053\u8005\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4fee\u9053\u8005\u662f\u5411\u4fee\u9053\u751f\u6d3b\u8ca0\u8cac\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5411\u5b88\u5247\u8ca0\u8cac\u3002\u4fee\u9662\u5b88\u5247\u6c92\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u7684\u7d04\u675f\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u898f\u9650\u4fee\u9053\u8005\u7684\u6bcf\u500b\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u5197\u9577\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u5197\u9577\u77ed\u5c11\u7684\u6cd5\u5219\u3002\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u4fee\u58eb\u6703\u53eb\u4eba\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u592a\u5927\u7406\u6703\u7576\u6642\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u5ef7\u7684\u7e41\u6587\u7e1f\u7bc0\uff0c\u5c0d\u666e\u901a\u4fe1\u8846\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u53ea\u53eb\u4ed6\u5538\u4e3b\u79b1\u6587\uff0c\u800c\u795e\u8077\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u5c31\u53ea\u53eb\u4ed6\u5011\u6eff\u8db3\u6559\u5ef7\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u9ad4\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u4fee\u58eb\u6c92\u6709\u5ee2\u6389\u6cd5\u5247\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5982\u963f\u7518\u672c\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u300c\u7576\u5b83\u7121\u5230\u300d\uff08<\/span>as-if-not)<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u7f6e\u61f8\u7684\u5fc3\u614b\u56de\u61c9\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u5ef7\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u963f\u7518\u672c\u7279\u522b\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u5728\u300c\u4f7f\u7528\u300d\uff08<\/span>usus<\/i><\/span>\uff09\u4e00\u5b57\u4e0a\u4f86\u754c\u5b9a\u4ed6\u5011\u300c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8ca7\u7aae\u300d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u53d7\u4fdd\u7f85\u5553\u767c\u3002\u4fdd\u7f85\u66fe\u8aaa\u904e\uff0c\u5728\u7b49\u5019\u5f4c\u8cfd\u4e9e\u518d\u81e8\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u300c\u7528\u4e16\u7269\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u50cf\u4e0d\u7528\u4e16\u7269\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6a23\u5b50\u5c07\u8981\u904e\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u300d\uff08\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u524d\u66f8<\/span>7:31<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u4f7f\u7528\u300d\u6709\u300c\u50cf\u4e0d\u300d\uff08<\/span>as not<\/i><\/span>\uff09\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7269\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u80fd\u64c1\u6709\u7269\uff0c\u56e0\u7269\u6c92\u6709\u7d42\u6975\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u5e36\u6709\u5f4c\u8cfd\u4e9e\u5411\u5ea6\u7684\u300c\u4f7f\u7528\u300d\uff08<\/span>messianic usus<\/i> <\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u4fee\u7149\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c21\u6a38\u53ca\u8ca7\u7aae\u751f\u6d3b\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u795e\u5b78\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u963f\u7518\u672c\u751a\u81f3\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u9019\u7a2e\u53ea\u5f37\u8abf\u7528\u7269\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u64c1\u6709\u7269\uff08\u5982\u5974\u96b8\u7528\u4e3b\u4eba\u7684\u6771\u897f\u4f46\u4e0d\u64c1\u6709\u5b83\uff09\u7684\u751f\u6d3b<\/span> \uff0c\u662f\u5c0d\u6297\u8457\u7576\u6642\u7f85\u99ac\u6cd5\u5c07\u7269\u770b\u4f5c\u7522\u696d\uff08<\/span>property \/ dominium<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5<\/span> \u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u5f8c\u4f86\u6559\u6703\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u90fd\u8cea\u7591\u9019\u7a2e\u5e36\u6709\u5f4c\u8cfd\u4e9e\u5411\u5ea6\u7684\u300c\u4f7f\u7528\u795e\u5b78\u300d\uff0c\u4ee4\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u904b\u7528\u7576\u6642\u7f85\u99ac\u6cd5\u53ca\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7528\u8a9e\u4f86\u754c\u5b9a\u53ca\u8faf\u89e3\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u5c0d\u300c\u4f7f\u7528\u300d\u4e00\u5b57\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u9632\u7bc4\u6027\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff08<\/span>defensive strategy<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u4ee4\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u53d7\u5236\u65bc\u6cd5\u7684\u7ba1\u8f44\u3002\u5728<\/span>1279<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u6559\u5b97\u82e5\u671b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\uff08<\/span>Pope John XXII<\/span>\uff09\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u524d\u4efb\u6559\u5b97\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u4e09\u4e16\uff08<\/span>Nicholas III<\/span>\uff09\u63a5\u53d7\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u6709\u95dc\u653e\u68c4\u64c1\u6709\u7269\u6b0a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u9812\u767c\u901a\u8aed\u300a\u7531\u7acb\u6cd5\u8005\u300b\uff08<\/span>Ad conditorem<\/i><\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6b0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5206\u958b\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u55ae\u7b26\u5408\u7f85\u99ac\u6cd5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7b26\u5408\u963f\u594e\u90a3\uff08<\/span>Aquinas<\/span>\uff09\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u6301\u5b88\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5224\u70ba\u7570\u7aef\u3002[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/span> \u5c0d\u6559\u5b97\u82e5\u671b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u904b\u7528\uff0f\u6d88\u8017\u7269\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u904e\u7a0b\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b49\u7269\u771f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u88ab\u64c1\u6709\uff08\u56e0\u5b83\u5728\u6d88\u8017\u4e2d\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u300c\u77ac\u9593\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u300d\uff08<\/span> instantaneous being<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c[3]<\/sup><\/a>\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u6709\u80af\u5b9a\u64c1\u6709\u8207\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u624d\u80fd\u69cb\u6210\u7269\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/span> \u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u7269\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u6d88\u8cbb\uff0f\u6d88\u8017\u7269\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u6709\u88ab\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a\u3002\u963f\u7518\u672c\u751a\u81f3\u8a8d\u70ba\u6559\u5b97\u82e5\u671b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u901a\u8aed\uff0c\u9810\u793a\u4e86\u672a\u4f86\u6d88\u8cbb\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u7269\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u963f\u7518\u672c\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u7684\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u963f\u65af\u79d1\uff08<\/span>Francis of Ascoli<\/span>\uff09\u4ecd\u64da\u7406\u529b\u722d\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u53cd\u8b49\u6559\u5b97\u82e5\u671b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u901a\u8aed\uff0c\u5efa\u69cb\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\uff08<\/span>becoming<\/span>\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u7269\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7269\u6709\u8ad6\u3002\u963f\u65af\u79d1\u9996\u5148\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5148\u65bc\u64c1\u6709\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u5171\u4eab\u967d\u5149\uff0c\u975e\u64c1\u6709\u967d\u5149\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7269\u552f\u6709\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u53ca\u6d88\u8017\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u751f\u6210\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u4e2d\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u53ca\u6d88\u8017\u4e2d\u53ef\u7d93\u9a57\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u5207\u5728\u6642\u9593\u9032\u884c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u662f\u771f\u5be6\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\uff0c\u4fbf\u80cc\u68c4\u4e86\u8056\u7d93\u50b3\u9053\u66f8\uff0c\u300c\u842c\u4e8b\u842c\u7269\u90fd\u6709\u5b9a\u6642\u300d\u7684\u6559\u5c0e\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5967<\/span> \u5229<\/span> \u7dad<\/span> \u7684<\/span> \u4f2f<\/span> \u591a<\/span> \u797f\uff08<\/span>Peter John Olivi<\/span>\uff09\u66f4\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7269\u9019\u884c\u52d5\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u5e36\u6709\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u610f\u5473\uff08<\/span>signification in act<\/span>\uff09\u5df2\u80fd\u5f15\u8b49\u7269\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u79ae\u5100\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u7269\u6b0a\u6cd5\u53bb\u8b49\u660e\u7269\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u5c0d\u7269\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u662f\u5f9e\u5be6\u5b58\u6027\uff08<\/span>existential<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u975e\u672c\u8cea\u6027\uff08<\/span>essential<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f86\u5617\u8a66\u5efa\u69cb\u4e00\u7a2e\u6cd5\u5916\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5c0d\u6297\u7576\u6642\u6559\u6703\u5167\u5916\u5c07\u7269\u672c\u8cea\u5316\u53ca\u7269\u6b0a\u5316\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u9664\u4e86\u501f\u52a9\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u9084\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u7f85\u99ac\u6cd5\u7684\u5354\u52a9\uff0c\u4f86\u754c\u5b9a\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u5c0d\u300c\u7528\u300d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u7576\u6642\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5967\u5361\u59c6\uff08<\/span>William of Ockham<\/span>\uff09\u53c8\u5c07\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u7684\u300c\u7d14\u7cb9\u4f7f\u7528\u300d\uff08<\/span>usus facti<\/i><\/span>\uff09\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u8ddf\u5e7e\u7a2e\u7576\u6642\u5c0d\u300c\u7528\u300d\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u53ca\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7406\u89e3\uff08\u7269\u7684\u4e3b\u6b0a\u3001\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a\u3001\u7528\u76ca\u6b0a\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6b0a\u53ca\u55ae\u7d14\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff09[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/span> \u4f5c\u51fa\u5340\u5206\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u7a81\u986f\u300c\u7d14\u7cb9\u4f7f\u7528\u300d\u8207\u300c\u7269\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u6b0a\u300d\uff08<\/span>usus iuris<\/i><\/span>\uff09\u7684\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u537b\u524a\u6389\u4e86\u539f\u672c\u4fdd\u7f85\u5c0d\u300c\u4f7f\u7528\u300d\u6240\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u5f4c\u8cfd\u4e9e\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u69cb\u60f3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u611f\u53ef\u60dc\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u9019\u7a2e\u65e5\u76ca\u4ee5\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4fdd\u7f85\u539f\u521d\u7684\u795e\u5b78\uff0c\u53bb\u754c\u5b9a\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u8caa\u7aae\uff0c\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u300c\u4f7f\u7528\u300d\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee4\u4ed6\u5011\u53c8\u518d\u6b21\u53d7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u675f\u7f1a\u3002\u963f\u7518\u672c\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u73ed\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u6c92\u6709\u53cd\u601d\u9019\u4e9b\u8853\u8a9e\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u53ca\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u800c\u6b32\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u6cd5\u53bb\u904e\u4e00\u7a2e\u6cd5\u5916\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u900f\u904e\u6cd5\u53bb\u5c0b\u6c42\u4f8b\u5916\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u4ecd\u4e0d\u80fd\u64fa\u8131\u6cd5\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u7684\u5275\u59cb\u4eba\u8056\u65b9\u6fdf\u6700\u8070\u660e\uff0c\u56e0\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u672a\u6709\u7528\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f86\u754c\u5b9a\u4ed6\u5011\u300c\u6700\u9ad8\u8ca7\u7aae\u300d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4ee5\u672a\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u4fee\u9053\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u4ee5\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f86\u754c\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u8ca7\u7aae\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u80fd\u6d3b\u51fa\u6cd5\u5916\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u53d7\u6cd5\u5236\u7d04\u7684\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u537b\u65e5\u6f38\u8ddf\u539f\u521d\u8056\u65b9\u6fdf\u7684\u4fee\u9053\u7cbe\u795e\u9060\u96e2\u3002\u4f46\u963f\u7518\u672c\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u6cd5\u5916\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u4ee5\u7269\u6b0a\u4f86\u770b\u5f85\u7269\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u5c0d\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u601d\u8003\u751a\u6709\u52a9\u76ca\u3002\u963f\u7518\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u82f1\u8b6f\u8005\u9ad8\u65af\u53e4\uff08<\/span>Adam Kotsko<\/span>\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5c0d\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u7684\u500b\u6848\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c0d\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u96b1\u6027\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c[5]<\/sup><\/a>\u4ea6\u552f\u6709\u4ee5\u6b64\u65b9\u5411\u53bb\u95b1\u8b80\u300a\u570b\u5ea6\u8207\u69ae\u8000\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u6700\u9ad8\u8ca7\u7aae\u300b\u5169\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u767c\u73fe\u963f\u7518\u672c\u9019\u7a2e\u7d93\u6fdf\u795e\u5b78\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8ad6\u6279\u5224\u7684\u80cc\u5f8c\uff0c\u6240\u884d\u751f\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u91cb<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0Agamben, Giorgio, The Time That Remains: A Commentary on the Letter to the Romans<\/i> (Stanford, California : Stanford University Press, 2005),\u00a0 <\/span>p. 27.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u5c0f\u5144\u5f1f\u80e1\u5065\u633a<\/span>(<\/span>\u7de8\u8b6f<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u300a\u6b77\u4efb\u6559\u5b97\u5c0d\u5c0f\u5144\u5f1f\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb<\/span>: 1219-1323<\/span>\u300b\uff0c\u9801<\/span>137-9<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>\u00a0Agamben,<\/span> Giorgio,<\/span> The Highest Poverty: Monastic Rules and Form-Of-Life<\/i> (<\/span>Stanford, California : Stanford University Press, 2013), p. 131.<\/span><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>\u00a0\u5c0f\u5144\u5f1f\u80e1\u5065\u633a\uff0c\u300a\u6b77\u4efb\u6559\u5b97\u300b\uff0c\u9801<\/span>68<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>\u00a0Kotsko, Adam,\u00a0 <\/span>\u201cWhat St. Paul and the Franciscans Can Tell Us About Neoliberalism On Agamben\u2019s The Highest Poverty.\u201d This paper was presented on 21, May, 2013 to the Paul of Tarsus Interdisciplinary Reading Group at Northwestern University: https:\/\/itself.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/05\/highest-poverty-paper-may-2013-v2.pdf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u574a\u9593\u5c0d\u610f\u5927\u5229\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u963f\u7518\u672c\uff08Giorgio Agamben) \u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u96c6\u4e2d\u5176\u5c0d\u4f8b\u5916\u72c0\u614b\uff08state of exception\uff09\u3001\u88f8\u547d\uff08bare life\uff09\u6216\u7272\u4eba\uff08homo sacer\uff09\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u4f5c\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u7279\u522b…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":589,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[269,271,270],"ppma_author":[790],"aioseo_notices":[],"authors":[{"term_id":790,"user_id":58,"is_guest":0,"slug":"peterlok","display_name":"\u99f1\u9834\u4f73","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b56ffdf69b4b535c33c21508284ef512?s=96&d=mm&r=g","first_name":"\u99f1\u9834\u4f73","last_name":"","user_url":"","description":"\u73fe\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f\u6d78\u6703\u5927\u5b78\u4eba\u6587\u53ca\u5275\u4f5c\uff08\u901a\u8b58\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff09\u8b1b\u5e2b\u3002\u8457\u6709\u300a\u908a\u7de3\u4e0a\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u570b\u65cf\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e2d\u7684\uff08\u5f8c\uff09\u6b96\u6c11\u60f3\u50cf\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u5370\u8c61\u6587\u5b57\uff0c2016\uff09\uff1b\u3008\u4e00\u500b\u7570\u4e2d\u5c0b\u540c\u7684\u666e\u4e16\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff1a\u5df4\u8fea\u6b50\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u8056\u4fdd\u7f85\u3009\u3001\u3008\u4f5c\u70ba\u514b\u670d\u6cd5\u5012\u932f\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\uff1a\u9f4a\u6fa4\u514b\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u8056\u4fdd\u7f85\u3009\uff0c\u898b\u9673\u9326\u8f1d\uff08\u7de8\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u4e00\u5207\uff1a\u8056\u4fdd\u7f85\u8207\u7576\u4ee3\u601d\u6f6e\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u5fb7\u6167\u6587\u5316\uff0c2016\uff09\u3002"}],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/586"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=586"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/586\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=586"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fppma_author&post=586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}