{"id":4281,"date":"2022-11-28T16:12:27","date_gmt":"2022-11-28T08:12:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=4281"},"modified":"2022-11-28T16:12:27","modified_gmt":"2022-11-28T08:12:27","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e7%83%8f%e5%90%88%e4%b9%8b%e7%9c%be%e3%80%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%9c%98%e7%b5%90%e5%8f%aa%e6%9c%89%e7%a0%b4%e5%a3%9e%e5%8a%9b%e9%87%8f%e5%a4%a7%ef%bc%8c%e6%96%87%e6%98%8e%e5%8d%bb%e5%b0%87%e8%b5%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=4281","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u70cf\u5408\u4e4b\u773e\u300b\uff1a\u5718\u7d50\u53ea\u6709\u7834\u58de\u529b\u91cf\u5927\uff0c\u6587\u660e\u537b\u5c07\u8d70\u5411\u8870\u4ea1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u52d2\u9f90\uff08Gustave Le Bon\uff09\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u524d\u7684\u9019\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u7fa4\u773e\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f5b\u6d1b\u59c6\u5728\u300a\u9003\u907f\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u5c31\u66fe\u5c0d\u7d0d\u7cb9\u652f\u6301\u8005\u5206\u6790\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u5931\u610f\u7684\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u7fa4\u773e\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6368\u68c4\uff0c\u64c1\u62b1\u5f37\u4eba\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u7684\u8ffd\u7d22\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u5728\u300a\u70cf\u300b\u4e2d\u66f4\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u5728\u7fa4\u773e\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u547d\u984c\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u4eba\u985e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8ad6\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u60b2\u89c0\u7684\u3001\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7684\u53c3\u8003\u50f9\u503c\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u5728\u7576\u6642\u7a2e\u65cf\u89c0\u5ff5\u4ecd\u76db\uff0c\u6027\u5225\u5e73\u7b49\u89c0\u5ff5\u4ea6\u975e\u5982\u540c\u4eca\u65e5\u4e00\u822c\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u7576\u6642\u5c0d\u65bc\u5973\u6027\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u58d3\u8feb\u66f4\u5c6c\u5e38\u614b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u884c\u6587\u4e0a\u52d2\u9f90\u591a\u6709\u5c0d\u65bc\u5973\u6027\u6216\u4f8b\u5982\u62c9\u4e01\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u8cb6\u4f4e\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8003\u91cf\u5230\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u671f\u7684\u5be6\u7136\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u8aaa\u662f\u7121\u53ef\u539a\u975e\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff08\u5e7e\u70ba\u7537\u4eba\uff09\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u5256\u6790\u537b\u4ecd\u662f\u5341\u5206\u7cbe\u95e2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u70cf\u5408\u4e4b\u773e\u662f\u5728\u539f\u6587\u66f8\u540d\u300aThe Crowd\u300b\u6839\u64da\u5167\u5bb9\u6240\u8b6f\u51fa\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u7fa4\u773e\uff0c\u4f46\u6307\u6d89\u7684\u537b\u662f\u7fa4\u76f2\u3002\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u76f2\u76ee\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u6210\u70ba\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u76f2\u76ee\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u6210\u70ba\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u539f\u5148\u500b\u9ad4\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u500b\u6027\u3001\u4eba\u683c\u3001\u610f\u8b58\u6f38\u6f38\u6d88\u6563\uff0c\u8f49\u5316\u6210\u70ba\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u500b\u6027\u3001\u4eba\u683c\u3001\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u4e14\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u6210\u70ba\u7fa4\u9ad4\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u500b\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u9577\u51fa\u4e86\u8840\u7ba1\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u60c5\u7dd2\u8207\u89c0\u5ff5\u5177\u6709\u7121\u963b\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u96d6\u66fe\u6709\u8aaa\u4e09\u500b\u81ed\u76ae\u5320\u52dd\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u8af8\u845b\u4eae\uff0c\u5728\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u537b\u6b63\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u898b\u512a\u8d8a\u65bc\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u9818\u8896\u3001\u83c1\u82f1\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u624d\u662f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u793e\u6703\u3001\u4e16\u7d00\u8d70\u5411\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7fa4\u773e\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u66f4\u53ea\u6709\u7fa4\u773e\u667a\u969c\uff0c\u4e9f\u601d\u4e26\u4e0d\u5ee3\u76ca\u537b\u662f\u5ee3\u52a3\uff0c\u4f46\u88e1\u982d\u537b\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u5c0d\u65bc\u67cf\u62c9\u5716\u5f0f\u54f2\u738b\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u9019\u822c\u53ea\u80fd\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8ad6\u65b7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u7fa4\u773e\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u9818\u8896\u7684\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6697\u793a\u5982\u540c\u50ac\u7720\u8853\uff0c\u300c\u22ef\u22ef\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c31\u9020\u6210\u751f\u547d\u548c\u8ca1\u7522\u640d\u5931\u800c\u8ad6\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u523a\u6fc0\u7fa4\u9ad4\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u767c\u8072\u4e26\u5f15\u767c\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u22ef\u22ef\u300d\uff0894\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7761\u5bd0\u72c0\u614b\u5982\u540c\u300a\u7f8e\u9e97\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u300b\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u8a00\u8aaa\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u8db3\u5920\u717d\u52d5\u80fd\u5920\u60f9\u8d77\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5920\u7372\u53d6\u7fa4\u773e\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u908f\u8f2f\u5f0f\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\u53ea\u6703\u62db\u4f86\u5653\u8072\u3002\u9818\u8896\u7684\u610f\u898b\u5982\u540c\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u6ef2\u900f\u5165\u7fa4\u773e\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6703\u7531\u4e0b\u5f80\u4e0a\u5730\u50b3\u64ad\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f0f\u7684\u5229\u5f0a\u5224\u65b7\u90fd\u88ab\u7f6e\u65bc\u8166\u5f8c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7576\u611b\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u865f\u89d2\u97ff\u8d77\u6642\uff0c\u62cb\u982d\u9871\u3001\u7051\u71b1\u8840\u90fd\u6210\u70ba\u69ae\u8000\u4e4b\u8209\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u5b97\u6559\u5c60\u6bba\u7570\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u711a\u71d2\u5973\u5deb\u90fd\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u656c\u795e\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u3002\u9818\u8896\u6216\u8a31\u51fa\u65bc\u8fce\u5408\u516c\u773e\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u5176\u4ed6\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\u7576\u601d\u60f3\u9054\u5230\u6700\u4e0a\u5c64\u5f8c\u5c07\u518d\u8f49\u5316\uff0c\u518d\u5ea6\u4ee5\u6b64\u65b9\u5f0f\u5faa\u74b0\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u22ef\u22ef\u5f9e\u9577\u9060\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u662f\u667a\u529b\u56e0\u7d20\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u547d\u904b\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u5f71\u97ff\u662f\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u3002\u7576\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7d93\u904e\u6211\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u53d6\u5f97\u52dd\u5229\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u65e9\u5df2\u4e0d\u5728\u4eba\u4e16\u4e86\u3002\uff08141\u2013142\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4e5f\u80fd\u898b\u53ca\u65bc\u4f5c\u8005\u5c0d\u65bc\u8b70\u6703\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u8b70\u6703\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u56fa\u7136\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u9078\u5340\u7684\u9078\u6c11\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u5f37\u70c8\u8981\u6c42\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8b70\u6848\u4e0a\uff0c\u6210\u54e1\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u53d7\u5230\u5177\u6709\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u9818\u8896\u6240\u4e3b\u5c0e\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u8b70\u6848\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u4e0a\u7d93\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8b70\u54e1\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u537b\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u9818\u8896\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u8907\u88fd\u8cbc\u4e0a\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u6cd5\u6848\u7d93\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8b70\u54e1\u52a9\u7406\uff09\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u7d42\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u901a\u904e\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u4ee5\u8b70\u6703\u4e4b\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u800c\u8ad6\u537b\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u83c1\u82f1\u7684\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Diamond\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5730\u7406\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u8208\u8870\u63d0\u51fa\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u300a\u570b\u5bb6\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u6703\u5931\u6557\u300b\u7684\u827e\u585e\u9ed8\u9b6f\uff08Daron Acemoglu\uff09\u8207\u7f85\u8cd3\u68ee\uff08James A. 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