{"id":4070,"date":"2022-04-22T14:58:28","date_gmt":"2022-04-22T06:58:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=4070"},"modified":"2022-04-22T14:58:28","modified_gmt":"2022-04-22T06:58:28","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e7%95%b6%e4%bb%a3%e4%b8%ad%e5%9c%8b%e7%9a%84%e5%9c%8b%e5%ae%b6%e8%88%87%e5%8b%9e%e5%b7%a5%e3%80%8b%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%ad%e5%9c%8b%e7%89%b9%e8%89%b2%e5%b7%a5%e6%9c%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=4070","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u7576\u4ee3\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u52de\u5de5\u300b\uff1a\u4e2d\u570b\u7279\u8272\u5de5\u6703"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u4e2d\u570b\u6709\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u7121\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\uff1b\u6709\u5de5\u6703\uff0c\u537b\u7121\u5de5\u4eba\u4ee3\u8868\u2500\u2500\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6070\u5982\u5176\u4efd\u6982\u62ec\u4e86\u4e2d\u570b\u52de\u5de5\u7684\u8a6d\u7570\u8655\u5883\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u5728\u65bc\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u4e2d\u570b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u5de5\u6703\u300d\u2500\u2500\u4e2d\u83ef\u5168\u570b\u7e3d\u5de5\u6703\uff08\u5168\u7e3d\uff09\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\u4e00\u6982\u975e\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u751f\u8a08\u7531\u5de5\u4f5c\u55ae\u4f4d\u8ca0\u8cac\uff0c\u5de5\u6703\u7d14\u7cb9\u63d0\u4f9b\u6587\u5a1b\u5eb7\u6a02\uff0c\u89d2\u8272\u7121\u8db3\u8f15\u91cd\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6539\u9769\u958b\u653e\u7d93\u6fdf\u8f49\u578b\uff0c\u570b\u4f01\u6210\u7fa4\u5012\u9589\u800c\u5916\u8cc7\u5927\u6279\u6e67\u5165\uff0c\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u5931\u696d\u5f15\u767c\u793e\u6703\u52d5\u76ea\uff0c\u5de5\u6703\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u89d2\u8272\u59cb\u898b\u5403\u91cd\uff0c1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u51fa\u4efb\u5168\u7e3d\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u5236\u8a02\u52de\u5de5\u6cd5\u4f8b\u3001\u8abf\u505c\u52de\u8cc7\u7cfe\u7d1b\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u63f4\u52a9\u4e4b\u985e\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5de5\u6703\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u525d\u524a\u4f9d\u7136\u7121\u65e5\u7121\u4e4b\uff0c\u751a\u6216\u5c1a\u672a\u5f62\u6210\u968e\u7d1a\u6027\u7684\u6297\u722d\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u662f\u4e2d\u5171\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7368\u6709\u7684\u5f14\u8a6d\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u81ea\u6e6f\u666e\u68ee\uff08E. P. Thompson\uff09\u958b\u5c71\u4f5c\u300a\u82f1\u570b\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u300b\uff08The Making of the English Working Class<\/em>\uff09\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u95dc\u65bc\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5df2\u8d85\u8d8a\u7d14\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u62d3\u5c55\u5230\u5f9e\u6587\u5316\u4e43\u81f3\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5c64\u9762\u5c0b\u6c42\u89e3\u91cb\uff1b\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u8005\u9673\u5cf0\u5247\u6309\u5176\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u52de\u5de5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5de5\u4eba\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u9996\u8981\u53d7\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u52de\u5de5\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f62\u5851\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u904b\u9577\u671f\u96e3\u7522\u7684\u7665\u7d50\u5728\u65bc\u653f\u6b0a\u92ea\u5929\u84cb\u5730\u7684\u7ba1\u63a7\u9ad4\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u99ac\u6b47\u723e\u5c07\u5341\u516b\u81f3\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u897f\u65b9\u6297\u722d\u53f2\u6b78\u7d0d\u70ba\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u5229\uff08\u8a00\u8ad6\u81ea\u7531\uff09\u64f4\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\uff08\u5168\u6c11\u666e\u9078\uff09\u518d\u5230\u793e\u6703\u6b0a\u5229\uff08\u751f\u6d3b\u4fdd\u969c\uff09\u7684\u6b77\u7a0b\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u6b0a\u5229\u884d\u751f\u81ea\u500b\u4eba\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u64f4\u5f35\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8cc7\u672c\u9ad4\u5236\u6575\u8996\u5de5\u6703\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u7d44\u7e54\u4ecd\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u751f\u5b58\u7a7a\u9593\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u5a01\u6b0a\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u66b4\u529b\u93ae\u58d3\u8207\u6cd5\u5718\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7c60\u7d61\u4e26\u884c\uff0c\u653f\u6b0a\u5c0d\u6c11\u9593\u7684\u6ef2\u900f\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6545\u6b64\u7121\u6cd5\u675c\u7d55\u81ea\u767c\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u6297\u722d\uff0c\u8af8\u5982\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6ce2\u862d\u3001\u8ecd\u7d71\u97d3\u570b\u548c\u7a2e\u65cf\u9694\u96e2\u5357\u975e\u5747\u66fe\u7206\u767c\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u5de5\u904b\uff0c\u5c0d\u4fc3\u9032\u52de\u5de5\u6b0a\u76ca\u4e43\u81f3\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u9032\u7a0b\u529f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6c92\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5169\u7a2e\u9ad4\u5236\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u901a\u9ede\uff1a\u5728\u52de\u5de5\u6b0a\u5229\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u904b\u52d5\u5df2\u7d93\u5f62\u6210\u8db3\u4ee5\u5f71\u97ff\u570b\u7b56\u7684\u793e\u6703\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u7e7c\u800c\u901a\u904e\u5229\u76ca\u6297\u722d\u5c07\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5be6\u7136\u6b0a\u529b\uff08de facto power\uff09\u8f49\u5316\u6210\u6cd5\u5b9a\u6b0a\u529b\uff08de jure power\uff09\uff0c\u5de5\u6703\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u7368\u7acb\u52e2\u529b\u2500\u2500\u4e2d\u570b\u5247\u570b\u60c5\u6709\u5225\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u81ea\u6539\u9769\u958b\u653e\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u6700\u4e0d\u7f3a\u61a4\u6012\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u30022011\u5e746\u6708\u81f32013\u5e7412\u6708\u9593\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5404\u5730\u64da\u7d71\u8a08<\/a>\u767c\u751f1,171\u6b21\u793a\u5a01\u7f77\u5de5\uff0c2010\u5e747\u6708\u7684\u5927\u9023\u958b\u767c\u5340\u7f77\u5de5\u6f6e\u66f4\u6ce2\u53ca\u4e03\u5341\u4e09\u9593\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u5171\u4e03\u842c\u540d\u54e1\u5de5\u8981\u6c42\u52a0\u85aa\uff0c\u800c2012\u5e74\u52de\u52d5\u722d\u8b70\u5c31\u591a\u9054133\u842c\u5b97\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8d85\u904e\u4e09\u4efd\u4e00\u672a\u80fd\u8abf\u89e3\u4e86\u4e8b\u3002[1]<\/sup><\/a> \u7136\u800c\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u6297\u722d\u59cb\u7d42\u672a\u80fd\u8f49\u5316\u6210\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u8087\u56e0\u773e\u8aaa\u7d1b\u7d1c\u3002\u9673\u5cf0\u8fd1\u4f5c\u300a\u7576\u4ee3\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u52de\u5de5\uff1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u885d\u7a81\u8207\u8b8a\u9077\u300b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u6258\u8fad\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u5df2\u6210\u7d71\u6cbb\u968e\u7d1a\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u52de\u52d5\u4eba\u6c11\u5229\u76ca\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5efa\u653f\u4f0a\u59cb\u4fbf\u5c07\u5404\u5730\u539f\u6709\u5de5\u6703\u4ee3\u4e4b\u4ee5\u4e2d\u83ef\u5168\u570b\u7e3d\u5de5\u6703\uff0c\u5c07\u52de\u5de5\u52e2\u529b\u6536\u7de8\u5165\u884c\u653f\u90e8\u9580\uff0c\u9ee8\u653f\u6a5f\u95dc\u81ea\u6b64\u5fb9\u5e95\u6ef2\u900f\u8077\u5834\u3002\u53ca\u81f3\u5f15\u5165\u5e02\u5834\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u5df2\u638c\u7ba1\u4e00\u5957\u300c\u9810\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff08\u5373\u5148\u65bc\u5de5\u4eba\u52d5\u54e1\uff09\u3001\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u4eba\u7d44\u7e54\u884c\u70ba\u548c\u52d5\u54e1\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u9ad4\u5236\u300d\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u300c\u5148\u767c\u5236\u4eba\u5730\u5236\u7d04\u5de5\u4eba\u884c\u52d5\u300d\u3002\u52de\u5de5\u52e2\u529b\u5148\u5929\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u7d50\u793e\u53c8\u53d7\u9257\u5236\uff0c\u6297\u722d\u81ea\u7136\u5bf8\u6b65\u96e3\u884c\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u6025\u901f\u901a\u904e\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u52de\u5de5\u6cd5\u4f8b\uff08\u59821995\u5e74\u300a\u52de\u52d5\u6cd5\u300b\u548c2008\u5e74\u300a\u52de\u52d5\u5408\u540c\u6cd5\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u540d\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4fdd\u969c\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6027\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u5c07\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\u8b70\u984c\u5316\u7d04\u6210\u500b\u5225\u6cd5\u5f8b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u6297\u722d\u6a21\u5f0f\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u88ab\u758f\u5c0e\u81f3\u300c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u7dad\u6b0a\u300d\u800c\u975e\u6709\u7d44\u7e54\u884c\u52d5\u3002\u7c21\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u58d3\u5236\u96c6\u9ad4\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u5021\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u5c07\u52de\u5de5\u539f\u5b50\u5316\uff0c\u7531\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u6d88\u5f2d\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u9b25\u722d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u5de5\u6703\u5c31\u662f\u7dad\u7a69\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u4e00\u74b0\u3002\u5168\u7e3d\u6ce8\u5b9a\u662f\u500b\u602a\u80ce\uff1a\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u662f\u52de\u5de5\u5718\u9ad4\uff0c\u5be6\u5247\u4f5c\u70ba\u884c\u653f\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u4efb\u52d9\u65e8\u5728\u8b77\u822a\u570b\u5bb6\u7522\u696d\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u7576\u5de5\u4eba\u6b0a\u76ca\u8207\u65bd\u653f\u65b9\u91dd\u51fa\u73fe\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u5c0f\u81f3\u722d\u53d6\u52a0\u85aa\u5927\u81f3\u7f77\u5de5\u5835\u8def\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8abf\u505c\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u5de5\u6703\u6c38\u9060\u7ad9\u5728\u9ad8\u7246\u4e00\u65b9\u3002\u66f4\u96e2\u5947\u8005\uff0c\u5168\u7e3d\u8f44\u4e0b\u7684\u4f01\u696d\u5de5\u6703\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\u6307\u6d3e\u4eba\u9078\u51fa\u4efb\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5341\u8db3\u8cc7\u65b9\u4ee3\u8a00\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u767c\u751f\u5de5\u6703\u51fa\u5ead\u63a7\u544a\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u7570\u805e\u3002\u4e2d\u570b\u5f0f\u5de5\u6703\u66f4\u5f97\u5230\u5916\u570b\u52e2\u529b\u8a8d\u8b49\u652f\u6301\uff1a\u80e1\u9326\u6fe4\u5e74\u4ee3\u9f13\u5439\u5168\u7e3d\u5ee3\u8a2d\u5206\u90e8\uff0c\u5916\u8cc7\u516c\u53f8\u4e00\u5ea6\u6297\u8b70\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u53cd\u5de5\u6703\u53cd\u5230\u60e1\u540d\u662d\u5f70\u7684\u6c83\u723e\u746a\u537b\u6b23\u7136\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u7406\u7531\u662f\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u6703\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5de5\u6703\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6c92\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u50cf\u5c0d\u7f8e\u570b\u5de5\u6703\u4e00\u6a23\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u6703\u5145\u6eff\u6575\u610f\u3002\u300d[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u6703\u7684\u5c37\u5c2c\u8eab\u4efd\u5f9e\u4e00\u4f4d\u5de5\u6703\u5e79\u90e8\u7684\u8a2a\u8ac7<\/a>\u53ef\u898b\u4e00\u6591\uff1a<\/p>\n

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\n\u5e79\u90e8\uff1a\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u8981\u5728\u670d\u5f9e\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u7dad\u8b77\u3002
\n\u8a18\u8005\uff1a\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5de5\u5ee0\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u6574\u9ad4\u5229\u76ca\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\uff1f
\n\u5e79\u90e8\uff1a\u6c92\u6709\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\uff08\u6539\u5236\u662f\uff09\u70ba\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002
\n\u8a18\u8005\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u5835\u99ac\u8def\uff1f
\n\u5e79\u90e8\uff1a\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u561b\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u8ddf\u4f60\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u5de5\u6703\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u7d1a\u4efb\u52d9\u662f\u9632\u5835\u7368\u7acb\u5de5\u6703\u3002\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u6232\u7a31\u5168\u7e3d\u8077\u80fd\u5728\u65bc\u300c\u54ea\u88e1\u6709\uff08\u7368\u7acb\uff09\u5de5\u6703\uff0c\u5c31\u53bb\u89e3\u6563\u5de5\u6703\uff1b\u54ea\u88e1\u6c92\uff08\u5b98\u65b9\uff09\u5de5\u6703\uff0c\u5c31\u53bb\u5efa\u7acb\u5de5\u6703\u3002\u300d\u80cc\u5f8c\u7576\u7136\u51fa\u65bc\u653f\u6cbb\u9700\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u570b\u5bb6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bb9\u5fcd\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u96c6\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u53e6\u985e\u9078\u64c7\u300d\uff08collective alternative\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u610f\u5473\u7740\u70ba\u300c\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u300d\u6253\u958b\u4e86\u300c\u653f\u6cbb\u9078\u64c7\u300d\u7684\u5927\u9580\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u5c07\u7368\u7acb\u5de5\u6703\u770b\u6210\u662f\u5c0d\u653f\u6cbb\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u7834\u58de\uff0c\u57fa\u81f3\u65bc\u662f\u5c0d\u653f\u6b0a\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6311\u6230\u3002\u81ea\u5f9e\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u6ce2\u862d\u51fa\u73fe\u5718\u7d50\u5de5\u6703\u904b\u52d5\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0d\u7368\u7acb\u5de5\u6703\u7684\u64d4\u6182\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u7e8f\u7e5e\u7740\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u3002[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u6ce2\u862d\u5718\u7d50\u5de5\u6703\u9006\u8f49\u9078\u524d\u6c11\u8abf\u5927\u52dd\u6ce2\u5171\u4e4b\u65e5\uff0c\u6b63\u662f1989\u5e746\u67084\u865f\uff0c\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u7684\u8165\u98a8\u8840\u96e8\u5c0d\u6ce2\u862d\u6c11\u60c5\u986f\u7136\u6709\u6240\u523a\u6fc0<\/a>\uff0c\u300c\u6ce2\u862d\u75c5\u300d\uff08\u300c\u5de5\u6703\u75c5\u300d\uff09\u5012\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u6210\u70ba\u4e2d\u5171\u5fc3\u7d50\u3002\u516b\u4e5d\u6c11\u904b\u4e0d\u557b\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u5b78\u751f\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5404\u500b\u968e\u5c64\uff08\u9664\u8fb2\u6c11\u5916\uff09\u5ee3\u6cdb\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u671f\u9593\u5168\u570b\u591a\u5730\u5192\u8d77\u7368\u7acb\u5de5\u6703\uff0c\u55ae\u662f\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u5de5\u4eba\u81ea\u6cbb\u806f\u5408\u6703\u5c31\u6709\u8fd1\u842c\u4eba\u53c3\u52a0\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u5b78\u751f\u63d0\u8b70<\/a>\u6548\u6cd5\u6ce2\u862d\u5718\u7d50\u5de5\u6703\uff0c\u800c\u5b78\u904b\u9818\u8896\u552f\u6050\u62db\u60f9\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u7121\u610f\u8207\u5de5\u904b\u5408\u6d41\uff0c\u5c07\u5e0c\u671b\u5bc4\u4e88\u5b78\u751f\u300c\u611b\u570b\u904b\u52d5\u300d\u7684\u300c\u7d14\u6f54\u6027<\/a>\u300d\u3002\u4e2d\u570b\u6c11\u9593\u7531\u59cb\u81f3\u7d42\u672a\u66fe\u4eab\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u81ea\u767c\u7d50\u793e\u6b0a\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e0d\u6703\u5bb9\u5fcd\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u52d5\u54e1\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u7531\u5b78\u751f\u904b\u52d5\u3001\u7368\u7acb\u5de5\u6703\u5230\u5b97\u6559\u5718\u9ad4\u3001\u6148\u5584NGO\u4e43\u81f3\u5927\u578b\u6c11\u71df\u4f01\u696d<\/a>\u4ea6\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u82e5\u8aaa\u5168\u7e3d\u5c0d\u52de\u5de5\u798f\u7949\u6beb\u7121\u5efa\u6a39\u6216\u8005\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5408\u5be6\u60c5\u3002\u5be6\u60c5\u662f\u4f01\u696d\u5de5\u6703\u5f80\u5f80\u7121\u6cd5\u904f\u5236\u8077\u5834\u9055\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4ee4\u5168\u7e3d\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u6210\u679c\u6d41\u65bc\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff1b\u5be6\u60c5\u662f\u5de5\u6703\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u53d7\u7406\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u300c\u6b0a\u76ca\u578b\u300d\u722d\u8b70\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4fb5\u72af\u6b0a\u76ca\uff09\uff0c\u5c0d\u300c\u5229\u76ca\u578b\u300d\u8a34\u6c42\uff08\u8b6c\u5982\u8981\u6c42\u52a0\u85aa\uff09\u5247\u4e0d\u7f6e\u53ef\u5426\uff0c\u8fd1 \u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u91ce\u8c93\u5f0f\u7f77\u5de5\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u6b63\u6b63\u53cd\u6620\u5de5\u4eba\u5df2\u4e0d\u582a\u5fcd\u53d7\u300c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u4fdd\u969c\u300d\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u5f85\u9047\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5de5\u6703\u9858\u610f\u70ba\u54e1\u5de5\u8207\u516c\u53f8\u65a1\u65cb\uff0c\u6210\u4e8b\u8207\u5426\u4ef0\u4ed7\u5b98\u65b9\u5e79\u90e8\u2500\u2500\u6709\u81ea\u7a31\u300c\u6b3d\u5dee\u5927\u81e3\u300d\u8005\u2500\u2500\u7684\u5584\u5fc3\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u88ab\u65bd\u6368\uff1a\u300c\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7121\u7591\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u6703\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u7d1a\u5225\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u4ee5\u793e\u6703\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u300e\u7d50\u793e\u6b0a\u529b\u300f\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u5c0d\u5de5\u4eba\u554f\u8cac\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u4f86\u5236\u5b9a\u76ee\u6a19\u3001\u63d0\u51fa\u8a34\u6c42\u6216\u9078\u64c7\u904b\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u300d[5]<\/sup><\/a> \u5be6\u60c5\u662f\u5de5\u4eba\u8d0f\u7c92\u7cd6\u8f38\u9593\u5ee0\u2500\u2500\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u982d\u6709\u7cd6\u6d3e\u7684\u8a71\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u6709\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u800c\u7121\u96c6\u9ad4\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u4e0b\u5834\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5c0d\u7167\u5169\u5b97\u65b0\u805e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u77e5\u3002\u5317\u4eac\u9001\u8ca8\u54e1\u718a\u7130\u8cea\u7591\u5916\u8ce3\u5e73\u53f0\u9913\u4e86\u9ebc\u63d0\u9ad8\u9001\u9910\u914d\u984d\u65e8\u5728\u524b\u6263\u734e\u91d1\uff0c\u5728\u7db2\u4e0a\u547c\u7c72\u5404\u5730\u5916\u8ce3\u54e1\u767c\u8072\uff0c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u66dd\u5149\u5f8c\u516c\u53f8\u9053\u6b49\uff0c\u5e7e\u65e5\u5167\u718a\u7130\u8207\u591a\u540d\u540c\u884c\u537b\u76f8\u7e7c\u88ab\u6355<\/a>\uff0c\u4e8b\u7de3\u76f8\u4fe1\u8207\u8a66\u5716\u767c\u8d77<\/a>\u5168\u570b\u6027\u7f77\u5de5\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u718a\u7130\u8eab\u70ba\u300c\u5916\u9001\u9a0e\u58eb\u806f\u76df\u300d\u804a\u5929\u7fa4\u767c\u8d77\u4eba\uff0c\u7fa4\u7d44\u805a\u96c6\u8fd1\u842c\u540d\u540c\u696d\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u4ea4\u6d41\u7dad\u6b0a\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u884c\u5f91\u8de1\u8fd1\u7368\u7acb\u5de5\u6703\uff0c\u4e0d\u898b\u5bb9\u65bc\u4e2d\u570b\u7279\u8272\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u6708\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u6709\u5b98\u54e1\u9ad4\u9a57\u505a\u4e00\u65e5\u5916\u8ce3\u9a0e\u624b\uff0c\u5341\u4e8c\u5c0f\u6642\u50c5\u8cfa\u56db\u5341\u4e00\u5143\uff0c\u6168\u5606\u300c\u9019\u500b\u9322\u592a\u4e0d\u597d\u6399\u4e86\u300d\uff1b\u5f15\u7206\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u6eff\u52de\u52d5\u525d\u524a\u7684\u8f3f\u60c5\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5b98\u54e1\u53c8\u51fa\u9762\u6f84\u6e05<\/a>\u516c\u773e\u300c\u8aa4\u89e3\u300d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u591a\u6578\u5916\u8ce3\u54e1\u5176\u5be6\u300c\u6536\u5165\u4e0d\u932f\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5de5\u4f5c\u300c\u9ad4\u73fe\u5230\u500b\u4eba\u50f9\u503c\u300d\u3002\u7576\u5c40\u5148\u525d\u596a\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u6297\u722d\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u7e7c\u800c\u6295\u4ee5\u540c\u60c5\u7684\u76ee\u5149\uff0c\u518d\u5c07\u60c5\u6cc1\u6b78\u7d50\u5230\u500b\u4eba\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u5c31\u6b64\u5316\u89e3\u65bc\u7121\u5f62\u2500\u2500\u505a\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u65e5\u85aa\u56db\u5341\u4e00\u5143\u66f4\u4fae\u8fb1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u9673\u5cf0\u6307\u51fa\uff0c2012\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\u4e2d\u5171\u56b4\u9632\u5de5\u904b\uff0c\u66fe\u7d93\u851a\u70ba\u98a8\u6f6e\u7684\u91ce\u8c93\u5f0f\u7f77\u5de5\u65e5\u6f38\u606f\u5fae\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u9078\u8209\u4ee3\u8868\u8ac7\u5224\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ea6\u6210\u6253\u64ca\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u7d50\u793e\u81ea\u7531\u53d7\u58d3\uff0c\u6578\u4ee5\u5104\u8a08\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u52de\u5de5\u53ea\u80fd\u8a34\u8af8\u300c\u6563\u4e82\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u3001\u5b64\u7acb\u548c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7d44\u7e54\u6027\u300d\u7684\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u9023\u8de8\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u806f\u5408\u4e5f\u6975\u4e4b\u7f55\u898b\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u59cb\u7d42\u672a\u80fd\u5fb9\u5e95\u5f62\u6210\u300c\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u300d\u3002\u300c\u6b78\u6839\u7d50\u8482\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u6b0a\u5229\u5c07\u6709\u8cf4\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u6574\u9ad4\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u9032\u6b65\u3002\u300d\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u6703\u89e3\u9ad4\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u4ea6\u96e3\u4ee5\u7368\u5584\u5176\u8eab\u3002\u7121\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u516c\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u91cb<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> \u9673\u5cf0\uff1a\u300a\u7576\u4ee3\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u52de\u5de5\uff1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u885d\u7a81\u8207\u8b8a\u9077\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2020\uff09\uff0c230\u3002<\/p>\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c136\u3002<\/p>\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> \u63a1\u8a2a\u898b 2001 \u5e74 1 \u6708\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u52de\u5de5\u901a\u8a0a\u300b\u5c31\u8cb4\u967d\u68c9\u7d21\u5ee0\u5de5\u4eba\u793a\u5a01\u5831\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> \u300a\u7576\u4ee3\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u52de\u5de5\u300b\uff0c98\u3002<\/p>\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c144\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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