{"id":3972,"date":"2022-03-20T16:48:11","date_gmt":"2022-03-20T08:48:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=3972"},"modified":"2022-03-21T16:49:03","modified_gmt":"2022-03-21T08:49:03","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e9%96%b1%e8%ae%80%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e3%80%8b%ef%bc%9a%e7%96%ab%e6%83%85%e4%b8%8b%e7%9c%8b%e6%b3%95%e5%be%8b%e3%80%81%e7%ae%a1%e6%b2%bb%e8%88%87%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=3972","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u95b1\u8b80\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300b\uff1a\u75ab\u60c5\u4e0b\u770b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u7ba1\u6cbb\u8207\u751f\u547d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u4e8c\u3007\u4e8c\u4e00\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u6b63\u7576\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\u6c34\u6df1\u706b\u71b1\u4e4b\u969b\uff0c\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u82f1\u8a9e\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u9ec3\u6db5\u6986\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u5c07\u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u95b1\u8b80\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300b\u7684\u5beb\u4f5c\u8a08\u5283\u3002\u5f9e\u4e8c\u3007\u4e8c\u3007\u5e74\u521d\u7684\u6b66\u6f22\u5c01\u57ce\uff0c\u5230\u5305\u62ec\u897f\u65b9\u5728\u5167\u7684\u5404\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u5be6\u65bd\u9694\u96e2\u3001\u5c01\u57ce\u3001\u9650\u5236\u793e\u4ea4\u6d3b\u52d5\u3001\u5f37\u5236\u6aa2\u6e2c\u7b49\u9632\u75ab\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\u90fd\u8b49\u660e\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u63a5\u53d7\u76ee\u4e0b\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5e38\u614b\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u662f\u5426\u525d\u596a\u4eba\u6b0a\u53ca\u4eba\u8eab\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ea6\u4e0d\u65b7\u63d0\u51fa\u5404\u7a2e\u7591\u554f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u300a\u95b1\u8b80\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u5c07\u904e\u53bb\u6388\u8ab2\u7684\u6750\u6599\u7de8\u5beb\u6210\u66f8\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u8ffd\u672c\u5c0b\u6e90\u7684\u5b8f\u5927\u9858\u671b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u900f\u904e\u5c55\u8ff0\u4e0d\u540c\u8ad6\u8005\u5c31\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u63d0\u4f9b\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c55\u73fe\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u7684\u5168\u666f\uff0c\u597d\u8b93\u628a\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u4eba\u6b0a\u8996\u4f5c\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u7684\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u4eba\u985e\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5883\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\uff08biopolitics\uff09\u539f\u70ba\u6cd5\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5085\u67ef\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u7d93\u610f\u5927\u5229\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u963f\u7518\u672c\uff08Giorgio Agamben\uff09\u53ca\u57c3\u65af\u6ce2\u897f\u6258\uff08Roberto Esposito\uff09\u52a0\u4ee5\u95e1\u91cb\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u8ab2\u984c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u4ee5\u5085\u67ef\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u6216\u300c\u751f\u547d\u6b0a\u300d\uff08biopower\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\u4f5c\u70ba\u8ef8\u5fc3\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5750\u6a19\uff0c\u5ef6\u5c55\u5230\u53e4\u5178\u6216\u73fe\u4ee3\u8af8\u591a\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u8ab2\u984c\u3002\u719f\u6089\u5085\u67ef\u7684\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u77e5\u9053\u300c\u6b0a\u529b\u300d\u5728\u5085\u67ef\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u6b77\u53f2\u300d\u7684\u5c55\u8ff0\u4e2d\u5b58\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u300c\u77e5\u8b58\u300d\u80cc\u5f8c\u5f62\u5851\u4eba\u985e\u81ea\u8eab\u89c0\u5ff5\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u300a\u81e8\u5e8a\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u8a95\u751f\u300b\u8207\u300a\u898f\u8a13\u8207\u61f2\u7f70\u300b\u63ed\u793a\u7740\u8fd1\u4e16\u300c\u6b0a\u529b\u300d\u751f\u7522\u9053\u5fb7\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u9762\u8c8c\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5085\u67ef\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300c\u751f\u547d\u6b0a\u300d\uff0c\u56fa\u7136\u8207\u73fe\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u91ab\u5b78\uff09\u5c0d\u65bc\u7ba1\u63a7\u4eba\u53e3\u3001\u571f\u5730\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u52a9\u529b\u6709\u95dc\uff0c 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Sacer<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u8aaa\u662f\u64f4\u5145\u4e86\u5085\u67ef\u7684\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u662f\u6539\u5beb\u4e86\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u7531\u63a2\u8a0e\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u6b0a\u6b0a\u529b\uff08\u4f5c\u70ba\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b0a\u529b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u4e3b\u6b0a\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8207\u751f\u547d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7d50\u69cb\uff1b\u4e5f\u628a\u5085\u67ef\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e2d\u4f5c\u70ba\u7ba1\u8f44\u751f\u547d\u6280\u8853\u7684\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\uff0c\u8b8a\u6210\u4ee5\u96c6\u4e2d\u71df\u6216\u5b89\u6a02\u6b7b\u7b49\u624b\u6bb5\u638c\u63a7\u751f\u6b7b\u7684\u300c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\uff08thanatopolitics\uff0c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5728\u300a\u7272\u4eba\u300b\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7ae0\u4ea6\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u53e4\u7f85\u99ac\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u751f\u6bba\u5927\u6b0a\u300d[vitae necisque potestas])\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u4ea6\u91cd\u65b0\u8655\u7406\u4e86\u963f\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u751f\u547d\u300d\uff08bios\uff09\u3001\u9102\u862d\u300a\u6975\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u96c6\u4e2d\u71df\u300d\uff0c\u73ed\u96c5\u660e\u300a\u66b4\u529b\u6279\u5224\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u7d14\u547d\u300d\uff08pure life\uff09\u53ca\u7d0d\u7cb9\u6cd5\u5b78\u5bb6\u5361\u723e\u2027\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279\uff08Carl Schmitt\uff09\u5728\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u795e\u5b78\u300b\u4e2d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8207\u6cd5\u4e4b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e26\u628a\u9019\u4e9b\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7d71\u7d71\u727d\u9032\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002\u57c3\u65af\u6ce2\u897f\u6258\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5efa\u69cb\u4e5f\u6d89\u53ca\u4e0a\u8ff0\u90e8\u4efd\u54f2\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u66f4\u504f\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u4ee5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5c0d\u751f\u547d\u9ad4\u7684\u300c\u514d\u9664\u300d\uff08immunitas\uff0c\u539f\u610f\u70ba\u514d\u8cac\u3001\u8c41\u514d\uff0c\u8fd1\u4e16\u91ab\u5b78\u5f15\u4f38\u70ba\u300c\u514d\u75ab\u300d\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u7406\u8ad6\u4e3b\u8ef8\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u514d\u75ab\u300b\uff08<em>Immunitas<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\u5c31\u62c9\u4e01\u8a9e\u8a5e\u5f59\u300c\u514d\u9664\u300d\u7684\u610f\u6db5\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u756a\u8003\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u751f\u547d\u300b\uff08Bios\uff09\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u7fa9\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u8207\u300c\u751f\u547d\u6b0a\u300d\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u5c07\u300c\u514d\u75ab\u300d\u8996\u4f5c\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7bc4\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u82e5\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6216\u5931\u53bb\u7ba1\u63a7\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6b0a\u80fd\u6216\u5a01\u6b0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u9b45\u60d1\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u7406\u6027\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b0a\u529b\u90fd\u7121\u6cd5\u5c0d\u751f\u547d\u5be6\u65bd\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8f44\u5236\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6700\u7d93\u5e38\u63a5\u89f8\u8d64\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6216\u898f\u7ae0\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5916\u8c8c\uff0c\u5176\u80fd\u529b\u537b\u5fc5\u9808\u690d\u6839\u65bc\u67d0\u7a2e\u795e\u7955\u3001\u7406\u6027\u6216\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u5167\u6838\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u963f\u7518\u672c\u7b49\u73fe\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5230\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u6642\uff0c\u96e2\u4e0d\u958b\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u795e\u5b78\u300b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u800c\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279\u7684\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u795e\u5b78\u300b\u4ee5\u5377\u9996\u8a9e\u300c\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8005\u6c7a\u65b7\u3014\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u3015\u4f8b\u5916\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u300d\u800c\u70ba\u4eba\u70ba\u719f\u77e5\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u628a\u4e00\u5957\u56de\u6b78\u4e3b\u6b0a\u6c7a\u65b7\u7684\u61b2\u653f\u7406\u8ad6\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u653f\u6cbb\u795e\u5b78\u300d\uff0c\u5247\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f7c\u5f97\u68ee\uff08Erik Peterson\uff09\u4ee5\u6b63\u7d71\u4e00\u795e\u6559\u4f5c\u70ba\u653f\u6cbb\u795e\u5b78\u6e90\u982d\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002\u7a76\u7adf\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u9ad4\u795e\u5b78\u89c0\u5ff5\uff08\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u795e\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u7d93\u4e16\u5b78\u3014oikonomia\u3015\u5373\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6b64\u4e00\u8ab2\u984c\uff09\u5982\u4f55\u5c0e\u51fa\u985e\u8fd1\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8207\u653f\u5e9c\u7ba1\u6cbb\u7684\u5206\u91ce\uff1f\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5247\u5728\u300a\u738b\u570b\u8207\u69ae\u8000\u300b\u4e2d\u52a0\u4ee5\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u66f8\u4e2d\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u8056\u7236\uff0d\u8056\u5b50\u4f4d\u683c\u95dc\u4fc2\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8207\u653f\u5e9c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ac7\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\u70ba\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u69ae\u8000\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u65e2\u6709\u4e86\u4e3b\u6b0a\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e3b\u6b0a\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u570b\u738b\u9084\u662f\u7e3d\u7d71\u3002\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8005\uff08sovereign\uff09\u4e00\u8a5e\u662f\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7d00\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u970d\u5e03\u65af\u5728\u5176\u300a\u5de8\u9748\u8ad6\u300b\u88cf\u767c\u660e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u8207\u7f85\u99ac\u81f3\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u541b\u4e3b\u7684\u795e\u683c\u5316\u7406\u8ad6\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u53f2\u5bb6\u5eb7\u6258\u6d1b\u7dad\u8332\u5728\u300a\u570b\u738b\u7684\u5169\u500b\u8eab\u9ad4\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u541b\u4e3b\u6709\u5169\u500b\u8089\u8eab\uff1a\u6703\u673d\u58de\u7684\u8ec0\u9ad4\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u57fa\u7763\u8089\u8eab\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\uff0c\u5169\u4f4d\u7576\u4ee3\u610f\u5927\u5229\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709\u52a0\u4ee5\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u57c3\u65af\u6ce2\u897f\u6258\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u514d\u75ab\u300d\u662f\u6b64\u4e00\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u7136\u5176\u8207\u963f\u7518\u672c\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4ea4\u758a\u751a\u591a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9ec3\u6307\u51fa\u57c3\u65af\u6ce2\u897f\u6258\u8aaa\u4e3b\u6b0a\u70ba\u4e00\u9ad4\u5236\u5316\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u9ad4\u73fe\u5728\u541b\u4e3b\u900f\u904e\u8840\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\u514d\u75ab\u5316\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u5ef6\u7e8c\u6027\uff08\u541b\u4e3b\u7684\u6709\u9650\u751f\u547d\u6210\u70ba\u4e0d\u673d\uff0c\u5ef6\u7e8c\u5728\u5f8c\u4ee3\u541b\u4e3b\u8eab\u4e0a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u963f\u7518\u672c\u9084\u8a8d\u70ba\u541b\u4e3b\uff08\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8005\uff09\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u8655\u65bc\u4f8b\u5916\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7272\u4eba\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u3002\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5728\u300a\u7272\u4eba\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u6307\u51fa\u300c\u4f8b\u5916\u72c0\u614b\u300d\u6b63\u662f\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8f44\u4e0b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u57c3\u65af\u6ce2\u897f\u6258\u904b\u7528\u300c\u5c08\u7528\u300d\uff08approprietion\uff09\u6b64\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u5f62\u5bb9\u9019\u7a2e\u4f8b\u5916\u6027\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5247\u7a31\u5176\u70ba\u300c\u7d0d\u5165\u5f0f\u6392\u9664\u300d\uff08inclusive exclusion\uff09\u8207\u300c\u6392\u9664\u5f0f\u7d0d\u5165\u300d\uff08exclusive inclusion\uff09\u4e26\u884c\u7684\u96d9\u91cd\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u5f9e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5207\u5165\u9ede\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u8ab2\u984c\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u90fd\u4ee5\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u8ad6\u8ff0\u91cd\u65b0\u5be9\u8996\u897f\u65b9\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u50b3\u7d71\u4e00\u76f4\u95dc\u5207\u7684\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u9664\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u4e3b\u6b0a\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4f5c\u70ba\u751f\u547d\u5167\u6db5\u53ca\u5916\u5ef6\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u6b0a\u5229\u3001\u8ca1\u7522\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u9019\u4e9b\u81ea\u6cd5\u570b\u5927\u9769\u547d\u300a\u4eba\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u81f3\u300a\u806f\u5408\u570b\u570b\u969b\u4eba\u6b0a\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u6240\u5ba3\u7a31\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u4e26\u975e\u5148\u5929\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8c41\u514d\u6216\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7d0d\u5165\uff0f\u6392\u9664\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff08\u5982\u6d88\u6975\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u300c\u514d\u9664\u22ef\u22ef\u300d\u689d\u4ef6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u5085\u67ef\u5728\u300a\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8a95\u751f\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5230\u6b50\u6d32\u53ca\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7ba1\u6cbb\uff08governmentality\uff09\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u897f\u65b9\u73fe\u4ee3\u4eba\u5851\u9020\u6210\u300c\u7d93\u6fdf\u4eba\u300d\uff08homo oeconomicus\uff09\uff0c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u7684\u300a\u7272\u4eba\u300b\u5247\u4ee5\u81ea\u963f\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u4ee5\u4f86\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b78\u50b3\u7d71\u5230\u300c\u4e3b\u6b0a\uff0d\u6cd5\u300d\u6cbb\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u52d5\u7269\u751f\u547d\uff08zoe\uff09\u7684\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u7d0d\u5165\u300c\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u547d\u300d\uff08bios\uff09\u7bc4\u7587\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5c0e\u81f4\u7d0d\u7cb9\u6975\u6b0a\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u6975\u7aef\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u5373\u900f\u904e\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u96c6\u4e2d\u71df\u4f5c\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u300c\u5f8b\u6cd5\u300d\uff08nomos\uff09\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5c0d\u6b98\u969c\u4eba\u58eb\u5be6\u884c\u5b89\u6a02\u6b7b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u5982\u6b64\u873b\u8713\u9ede\u6c34\u5df2\u80fd\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5b8f\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u8207\u8a31\u591a\u8207\u54f2\u5b78\u3001\u6cd5\u5b78\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u3001\u795e\u5b78\u7b49\u77e5\u8b58\u9818\u57df\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8a5e\u5f59\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279\u65e9\u65bc\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u300c\u4f8b\u5916\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u8207\u963f\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u300a\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u6f5b\u80fd\u300d\uff08potentiality\uff09\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u5207\uff1b\u800c\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5728\u300a\u7272\u4eba\u300b\u4e2d\u8ac7\u7684\u300c\u88f8\u547d\u300d\uff08bare life\uff09\u6e90\u65bc\u73ed\u96c5\u660e\u5728\u300a\u66b4\u529b\u6279\u5224\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u300c\u7d14\u547d\u300d\uff08pure life\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u300c\u7d14\u547d\u300d\u7684\u51fa\u8655\u70ba\u5f71\u97ff\u73ed\u96c5\u660e\u7684\u65b0\u5eb7\u5fb7\u4e3b\u7fa9\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u67ef\u4ea8\uff08Hermann Cohen\uff09\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u7d14\u7cb9\u610f\u5fd7\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u300b\uff08<em>The Ethics of Pure Will<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5de5\u5177\u4f5c\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u95e1\u91cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u66f8\u4e2d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u57c3\u65af\u6ce2\u897f\u6258\u7d66\u300c\u751f\u547d\u300d\u4e0b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6642\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u300c\u514d\u75ab\u7bc4\u5f0f\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5728\u300a\u7272\u4eba\u300b\u4e2d\u5c0d\u65bcHomo Sacer\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u53ca\u300a\u7272\u4eba\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u4efd\uff08\u4e5f\u53eb\u300c\u7272\u4eba\u300d\uff09\u8ac7\u8ad6\u73ed\u96c5\u660e\u300a\u66b4\u529b\u6279\u5224\u300b\u672b\u6bb5\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u300c\u751f\u547d\u795e\u8056\u6027\u300d\uff08sacredness of life\uff09\u3002\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5728\u300a\u7272\u4eba\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u4efd\u300c\u96c6\u4e2d\u71df\u4f5c\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u7bc4\u5f0f\u300d\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3008\u751f\u547d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u3009\u4e2d,\u4ea6\u5be9\u8996\u4e86\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5728\u300a\u5b58\u5728\u8207\u6642\u9593\u300b\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u300c\u6b64\u5728\u300d\uff08dasein\uff09\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u6309\u963f\u7518\u672c\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5929\u624d\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u6b64\u5728\u300d\u4f5c\u70ba\u5176\u300c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u300d\uff08its \u2018mode of being\u2019\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e5f\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u73ed\u96c5\u660e\u63d0\u5230\u751f\u547d\u6642\u6697\u793a\u5176\u5167\u5728\u7684\u300c\u795e\u8056\u300d\u672c\u8cea\u3002\u7136\u800c\u300a\u95b1\u8b80\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300b\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9019\u4e9b\u66f4\u54f2\u5b78\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u9ec3\u6db5\u6986\u4f5c\u70ba\u82f1\u8a9e\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5c0d\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7576\u4ee3\u6b50\u9678\u54f2\u5b78\u53ca\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u4ea6\u5c55\u73fe\u51fa\u6fc3\u539a\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u5176\u5b78\u8853\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u50c5\u5c07\u5404\u7a2e\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4f5c\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u7406\u8ad6\u4f86\u5256\u6790\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u6cd5\u653e\u8af8\u897f\u65b9\u73fe\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u7dad\u5ea6\u53bb\u5be9\u8996\u3002\u66f8\u4e2d\u8a2d\u6cd5\u5e73\u8861\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5c64\u6b21\uff0c\u8207\u73fe\u5be6\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u73fe\u8c61\uff1b\u5982\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9102\u862d\u5728\u300a\u6975\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u4efd\u8ac7\u53ca\u7684\u300c\u96e3\u6c11\u300d\u6216\u300c\u7121\u570b\u85c9\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee5\u654d\u5229\u4e9e\u6eba\u6583\u7537\u7ae5\u7167\u7247\u958b\u982d\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u300a\u95b1\u8b80\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300b\u7d42\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee5\u4e00\u7bc7\u601d\u60f3\u5831\u5c0e\u3008\u65b0\u51a0\u80ba\u708e\u4e0b\u7684\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u8ad6\u6230\u3009\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e64\u5831\u9053\u7576\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c0d\u5168\u7403\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u53ca\u8ad6\u6230\uff0c\u5982\u963f\u7518\u672c\u4ee5\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7576\u5c40\u61c9\u5c0d\u75ab\u60c5\u63aa\u65bd\u70ba\u984c\uff0c\u767c\u8868\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7576\u5c40\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u75ab\u60c5\u904e\u6fc0\u53cd\u61c9\u53ca\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u6587\u7ae0\u3008\u5927\u75ab\u7684\u767c\u660e\u3009\uff08<em>The Invention of an Epidemic<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u6cd5\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5357\u5e0c\u53cd\u5c0d\u963f\u7518\u672c\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u5c0d\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\u50b3\u64ad\u7684\u300c\u4f8b\u5916\u72c0\u614b\u300d\u300c\u5e38\u614b\u5316\u300d\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u3008\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u72c0\u614b\u3009\u3002\u9019\u5834\u8ad6\u6230\u503c\u5f97\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u7559\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u65bc\u9632\u75ab\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u80fd\u5f9e\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u6aa2\u9a57\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u80fd\u5426\u7dad\u7e6b\u300c\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u6240\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff1a\u4e00\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u56e0\u61c9\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5c0d\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u884c\u52d5\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u8eab\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u525d\u596a\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u300d\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u300c\u9632\u75ab\u300d\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5be6\u65bd\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\u7684\u9084\u8f2f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u8ad6\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u8a87\u5927\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6b0a\u80fd\u3002\u66f8\u4e2d\u5c31\u63d0\u5230\u57c3\u65af\u6ce2\u897f\u6258\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a\u9632\u75ab\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b97\u662f\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u516c\u5171\u6027\u6b0a\u5a01\u7684\u5d29\u58de\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u6975\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8a95\u751f\u3002\u57c3\u65af\u6ce2\u897f\u6258\u7684\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u4ea6\u7b49\u65bc\u8cea\u7591\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u6b0a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\uff08\u9102\u862d\u8a8d\u70ba\u7684\uff09\u8207\u4ee5\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u6975\u6b0a\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u5fc5\u7136\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u66f8\u4e2d\u9664\u8a0e\u8ad6\u81ea\u5085\u67ef\u5230\u963f\u7518\u672c\u8207\u57c3\u65af\u6ce2\u897f\u6258\u7684\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\uff0c\u9084\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u984c\u6750\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5085\u67ef\u5c0d\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff08\u4ee5\u5176\u300a\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u6b0a\u529b\u300b\u70ba\u6587\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u795e\u5b78\u6551\u8d16\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff08\u4ee5\u5df4\u8fea\u70cf\u3014Alain Badiou\u3015\u300a\u4fdd\u7f85\uff1a\u666e\u4e16\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u300b\u53ca\u6851\u7279\u7d0d\u3014Eric 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