{"id":2897,"date":"2020-09-20T13:38:29","date_gmt":"2020-09-20T05:38:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=2897"},"modified":"2020-09-21T17:46:14","modified_gmt":"2020-09-21T09:46:14","slug":"%e4%bb%a5%e5%b0%8a%e5%9a%b4%e4%bd%9c%e7%82%ba%e7%90%86%e7%94%b1%e2%94%80%e2%94%80%e5%be%9e%e5%85%8b%e9%87%8c%e6%96%af%e7%89%b9%e5%a8%83%e3%80%8a%e5%8f%8d%e6%8a%97%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%aa%e4%be%86%e3%80%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=2897","title":{"rendered":"\u4ee5\u5c0a\u56b4\u4f5c\u70ba\u7406\u7531\u2500\u2500\u5f9e\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u7279\u5a03\u300a\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u300b\u8ac7\u5230\u7576\u4e0b\u9999\u6e2f"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>La r\u00e9volte est notre mystique, synonyme de dignit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u2500\u2500Julia Kristeva, 1998<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">2019\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u632f\u81c2\u9ad8\u547c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u8207\u60b2\u61a4\uff0c\u90a3\u6642\u5019\u6211\u807d\u5230\u8857\u4e0a\u6709\u4eba\u5538\u8a69\uff0c\u662f\u5e03\u840a\u5e0c\u7279\uff08Bertolt Brecht\uff09\u7684\u300c\u9019\u662f\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u8aaa\u8d77\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\u300d\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u8aaa\u8d77\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u4e00\u5e74\u4e86\u3002\u8a34\u6c42\u4ecd\u88ab\u64f1\u7f6e\uff0c\u82e6\u96e3\u96a8\u65e5\u758a\u589e\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u7db2\u4e0a\u6d41\u50b3\u7684\u6897\u5716\u5427\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u70ba2020\u4e16\u754c\u6703\u56de\u5fa9\u539f\u8c8c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u300c\u4e00\u65e6\u6bc0\u58de\uff0c\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u56de\u5fa9\u539f\u4f86\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\u3002\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> \u73fe\u5be6\u4ee5\u66f4\u5c64\u51fa\u4e0d\u7aae\u7684\u6b98\u9177\u5982\u6d6a\u8986\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7d30\u7b97\uff0c\u5df2\u5728\u5fc3\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6f38\u6f38\u5bdf\u89ba\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5c07\u6703\u8aaa\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u5e74\u3001\u5169\u5e74\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c07\u81e8\u6216\u5df2\u7136\u964d\u81e8\u7684\u300c\u9ed1\u6697\u6642\u4ee3\u300d\uff08Dark Times\uff09\u3002\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u7279\u5a03\uff08Julia Kristeva\uff09\u70ba\u7d00\u5ff5\u4e26\u53cd\u601d\u6cd5\u570b\u4e94\u6708\u98a8\u66b4\uff08\u00e9v\u00e9nements de mai-juin\uff0c1968\uff09\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u62f7\u554f\u9769\u547d\u3001\u53cd\u6297\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u8207\u611b\u9019\u4e9b\u547d\u984c\uff0c\u5beb\u6210\u300a\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u300b\uff08<em>L\u2019Avenir d\u2019une re\u0301volte<\/em>\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u3002\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u8655\u8eab\u6297\u722d\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u300c\u7159\u9727\u5e2d\u6372\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u518d\u7121\u6cd5\u8fa8\u6e05\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u300d\uff0c<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a> \u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u8aaa\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u5206\u4e0d\u5272\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u8aaa\u7684\u90fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6709\u7740\u95b1\u8b80\u6b64\u66f8\u4e26\u518d\u6b21\u81ea\u554f\u53cd\u6297\u4f55\u70ba\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53cd\u6297\u5373\u662f\u61f7\u7591<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u514b\u6c0f\u9996\u5148\u5982\u6b64\u767c\u554f\uff1a\u4f55\u8b02\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u53cd\u6297\uff1f\u5979\u958b\u5b97\u660e\u7fa9\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff08L\u2019esprit de r\u00e9volte\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u61f7\u7591\u2500\u2500\u9762\u5c0d\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u898f\u7bc4\u8207\u6b0a\u529b\u5f62\u5f0f\u6642\uff0c\u4eba\u9078\u64c7\u5fe0\u65bc\u5167\u5fc3\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u6027\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u4f46\u5979\u5f88\u5feb\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u4e0d\u5229\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u3002\u6b0a\u529b\u8150\u6557\u6210\u70ba\u5e38\u7406\u3001\u50f9\u503c\u771f\u7a7a\u7336\u5982\u547d\u5b9a\uff0c\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u4fbf\u5f80\u5f80\u9003\u812b\u6210\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u80fd\u6307\u3002\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u6307\u6b78\u65bc\u6709\u95dc\u81ea\u7531\u8207\u53cd\u6297\u8005\u81ea\u6211\u9ad4\u8a8d\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u3002\u300c\u53ea\u6709\u7528\u9059\u63a7\u5668\u8f49\u63db\u96fb\u8996\u983b\u9053\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9084\u6709\u8ab0\u80fd\u9032\u884c\u53cd\u6297\uff1f\u300d\uff084\uff09\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\uff0c\u5979\u767c\u73fe\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u66fe\u7d93\u986f\u986f\u8d6b\u8d6b\u7684\u61f7\u7591\u8207\u6279\u5224\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u6b63\u5f9e\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u5728\u4eba\u5011\u5fc3\u4e2d\u5931\u53bb\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u6df1\u6050\u65bc\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u5167\u767c\u751f\u7684\u5169\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\uff0c\u514b\u6c0f\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e86\u9102\u862d\uff08Hannah Arendt\uff09\u7684\u300c\u7f6a\u60e1\u7684\u819a\u6dfa\u6027\u300d\uff08banality of evil\uff09\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u6b32\u64fa\u812b\u9019\u7a2e\u56e0\u610f\u5fd7\u8edf\u5f31\u800c\u6613\u70ba\u6b0a\u529b\u52fe\u5f15\u4e26\u64cd\u7e31\u7684\u60e1\u6839\u6027\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u9014\u5f91\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u904e\u4f5c\u70ba\u5224\u65b7\u529b\u8d77\u9ede\u7684<strong>\u61f7\u7591<\/strong>\u3002\u7b1b\u5361\u723e\uff08Ren\u00e9 Descartes\uff09\u7684\u540d\u8a00\u300c\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728\u300d\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\uff1aI think, therefore I am\uff1b\u62c9\u4e01\u8a9e\uff1a<em>Cogito, ergo sum<\/em>\uff09\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u59d1\u52ff\u8ad6\u53ca\u5f9e\u6b64\u6240\u5f15\u767c\u7a2e\u7a2e\u6709\u95dc\u552f\u7406\u8ad6\u53ca\u5929\u8ce6\u89c0\u5ff5\u8ad6\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u65bc\u5176\u5960\u57fa\u4e86\u73fe\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b78\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7cbe\u795e\uff1a\u61f7\u7591\u2500\u2500\u6211\u5011\u8981\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u8981\u7372\u5f97\u4efb\u4f55\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u8981\u6307\u8a8d\u4efb\u4f55\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u4ee5\u61f7\u7591\u4f5c\u70ba\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u76f2\u76ee\u5730\u4fe1\u5f9e\u6b0a\u5a01\u3002\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u514b\u6c0f\u63d0\u51fa\u53cd\u6297\u5373\u662f\u5c0d\u6b0a\u5a01\u4f5c\u51fa\u8cea\u7591\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u6211\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u95e1\u8ff0\uff0c\u66f4\u61c9\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u514b\u6c0f\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u59cb\u7d42\u662f\u7531\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u60c5\u5883\u6240\u6fc0\u767c\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b78\u53f2\u751a\u6216\u54f2\u5b78\u53f2\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u767c\u5c55\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u5979\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u6280\u8853\u6587\u660e\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u6b63\u70ba\u4eba\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u56fa\u6709\u4e0d\u8b8a\u3001\u4fc3\u9032\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u50be\u5411\uff0c\u6211\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u6020\u60f0\u300d\uff08sloth of times\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u514b\u6c0f\u6307\u51fa\u9019\u6b63\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u7531\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u795e\u5b78\u81f3\u666e\u9b6f\u65af\u7279\uff08Marcel Proust\uff09\u70ba\u6b62\u7684\u300c\u5411\u5f8c\u56de\u6b78\u300d\u7684\u74e6\u89e3\u5371\u6a5f\u2500\u2500\u5373\u4eba\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u8ffd\u61b6\u3001\u8cea\u7591\u8207\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u5fb9\u5e95\u6c92\u843d\u3002\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u53cd\u6297\u8207\u9769\u547d\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u5176\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4ea6\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u865b\u7121\u4e3b\u7fa9\u2500\u2500\u5728\u5979\u7684\u8a9e\u5883\u88e1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u53cd\u6297\u8005\u5fb9\u5e95\u6452\u68c4\u820a\u6709\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u5d07\u62dc\u65b0\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u537b\u4e0d\u5c0d\u5176\u4f5c\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u7591\u554f\u2500\u2500\u4e00\u7a2e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u81ea\u6211\u8ffd\u554f\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u800c\u514b\u6c0f\u56b4\u6b63\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u80cc\u53db\u4e86\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u672c\u7fa9\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u300c\u507d\u53cd\u6297\u8005\u300d\u3002\uff08\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u96e3\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u504f\u6fc0\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u7684\u60e1\u4e4b\u5e73\u5eb8\u55ce\uff1f\uff09<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a> \u56e0\u6b64\u514b\u6c0f\u6240\u5c0b\u627e\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u8b93\u7d93\u9a57\u5f97\u4ee5\u5ef6\u7e8c\u4e26\u66f4\u65b0\u70ba\u76ee\u6a19\uff1b\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5979\u8a9e\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u9769\u547d\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u80cc\u8ca0\u7121\u9650\u300c\u518d\u2014\u5275\u9020\u300d\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u9ad4\u73fe\u70ba\u5bcc\u6709\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u8207\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7684\u6f5b\u80fd\u3002\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u7121\u9650\uff1f\u514b\u6c0f\u8a00\u660e\u73fe\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u300c\u518d\u4e5f\u96e3\u4ee5\u5e73\u606f\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u6027\u300d\uff0810\uff09\uff1b\u4ea6\u7531\u6b64\u5979\u5faa\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b78\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u5fc3\u7406\u7e3d\u662f\u8da8\u5411\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u65b7\u74e6\u89e3\u8207\u5206\u6563\u7684\u96e2\u5fc3\u529b\u2500\u2500\u6216\u5373\u6307\u5411\u67d0\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7121\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ca\u5176\u7126\u616e\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a> \u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u9ede\u4e0a\uff0c\u5979\u63d0\u51fa\u53cd\u6297\u4e4b\u70ba\u5feb\u611f\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u547c\u61c9\u4e86\u4f5b\u6d1b\u4f9d\u5fb7\uff08Sigmund Freud\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u672c\u80fd\uff08death instinct\uff09\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8207\u6b0a\u5a01\u9032\u884c\u8f03\u91cf\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u5feb\u611f\u5c07\u4f7f\u4eba\u8655\u65bc\uff08\u6c38\u6046\u56de\u6b78\u7684\uff09\u8d85\u6642\u9593\u6027\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u908a\u7de3\uff0c\u7576\u5176\u5f97\u5230\u601d\u8003\u3001\u66f8\u5beb\u3001\u8868\u73fe\u8207\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u4fbf\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u5c0d\u9102\u862d\u6307\u8a8d\u7684\u60e1\u6839\u6027\u6240\u767c\u51fa\u7684\u6700\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7a7f\u900f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u81ea\u7531\u5728\u65bc\u8a18\u61b6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u61f7\u7591\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u5373\u4f7f\u88ab\u6307\u8a8d\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u672c\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u5c31\u90a3\u9ebc\u8f15\u6613\u5730\u80fd\u88ab\u6307\u8a8d\u6210\u6211\u5011\u5148\u5929\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u514b\u6c0f\u4ee5\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b78\u70ba\u672c\u4f4d\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u6587\u660e\u5be9\u67e5\u2014\u610f\u8b58\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u617e\u671b\u2014\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u58d3\u5236\u5df2\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u5171\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7d55\u5c0d\u81ea\u7531\uff08\u5feb\u6a02\u539f\u5247\u7684\u7121\u4e0a\u5be6\u8e10\uff09\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u4e4b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6240\u9808\u62ff\u634f\u7684\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4eba\u61c9\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9806\u61c9\u672c\u80fd\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u800c\u7372\u5f97\u5408\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u502b\u7406\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a> \u6487\u9664\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6b98\u9918\u6548\u61c9\u8207\u4ec7\u6068\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u50be\u5411\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4f5b\u6d1b\u4f9d\u5fb7\u6307\uff1a\u300c\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u7fa4\u9ad4\u611f\u89ba\u5230\u67d0\u7a2e\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u885d\u52d5\uff08\u5fb7\u8a9e\uff1ader Freiheitsdrang\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u90a3\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5c0d\u4e00\u7a2e\u660e\u986f\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6216\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u5d84\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9032\u6b65\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u4e4b\u5354\u8abf\u3002\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a> \u5c0d\u4ed6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u7fa4\u9ad4\u9762\u5c0d\u6587\u660e\u6b0a\u5a01\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u300c\u70ba\u751f\u5b58\u9032\u884c\u7684\u9b25\u722d\u300d\uff0c<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a> \u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\u662f\u6709\u76ca\u65bc\u6587\u660e\u767c\u5c55\u7684\uff08\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4f5b\u6c0f\u4e26\u6c92\u626f\u5230\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u4e0a\uff09\uff0c\u6545\u4ea6\u5e7e\u65bc\u5f97\u5230\u5728\u793e\u6703\u502b\u7406\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u6b63\u7576\u6027\u3002\u6bd4\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u514b\u6c0f\u5728\u4e00\u5834\u5f97\u734e\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e2d\uff0c\u66fe\u63d0\u5230\u95dc\u65bc\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7576\u4ee3\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u908f\u8f2f\uff08\u5373\u6240\u8b02\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u7531\u4f5c\u70ba\u300c\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b58\u5728\u300d\uff08Speech-Being\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u8b93\u5979\u8f03\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u5f8c\u8005\u3002\u8ffd\u6eaf\u524d\u8607\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u8ad6\u8ff0\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5979\u6307\u51fa\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u6280\u8853\u7b49\u7bc4\u7587\uff08categories\uff09\u4e32\u9023\u4e4b\u5148\uff0c\u4fbf\u5148\u5929\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u67d0\u7a2e\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u90a3\u4fbf\u662f\u8a00\u8a9e\uff1a\u5728\u500b\u9ad4\u8207\u4ed6\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u50b3\u905e\u3001\u7d66\u4e88\u53ca\u986f\u793a\u7d66\u81ea\u8eab\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u8a72\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a> \u65bc\u662f\u5979\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5c0d\u5b58\u5728\u9032\u884c\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u81ea\u8eab\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u300d\uff0867\uff09\uff1b\u300c\u901a\u904e\u81ea\u6211\u8207\u4ed6\u8005\u5728\u8a00\u8aaa\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e2d\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u4f86\u300d\uff08111\uff09\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u7e3d\u662f\u9996\u5148\u9ad4\u73fe\u70ba\u8a00\u8a9e\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4fbf\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u300c\u8a00\u8aaa\u4e3b\u9ad4\u300d\u5c0d\u81ea\u8eab\u8a18\u61b6\u53ca\u76f8\u95dc\u60c5\u611f\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u3002\u9806\u7740\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b78\u7684\u8108\u7d61\uff0c\u514b\u6c0f\u89c0\u5bdf\u79fb\u60c5\u2014\u53cd\u79fb\u60c5\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u5225\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u300d\uff0c\u7336\u627f\u63a5\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u56de\u6eaf\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u65b0\u559a\u8d77\u904e\u53bb\u7cbe\u795e\u5275\u50b7\u7684<strong>\u8a18\u61b6<\/strong>\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u2500\u2500\u4ea6\u5373\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u6b98\u9177\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u300d\uff0858\uff09\u3002\u5c0d\u5979\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u89e3\u653e\u6216\u58d3\u6291\u617e\u671b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u85c9\u7531\u5fc3\u7406\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u91cd\u69cb\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u8fa8\u8b58\u5230\u81ea\u8eab\u5177\u5099\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u4e4b\u591a\u5143\u6027\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u70ba\u300c\u6301\u7e8c\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u65b7\u8ffd\u554f\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u300d\uff0844\uff09\u2500\u2500\u4e00\u7a2e\u7121\u9650\u300c\u518d\u751f\u300d\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff1b\u800c\u4fc3\u6210\u751f\u547d\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u653e\uff08\u5373\u5176\u8a9e\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u5916\u90e8\u5167\u5728\u5316\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u5ed3\u6e05\u5176\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u65b9\u662f\u5979\u63d0\u51fa\u63a5\u53d7\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u8005\u4f5c\u70ba\u300c\u4e00\u500b\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u300d\uff0853\uff09\u7684\u672c\u610f\u3002\u6545\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\uff08<em>Exp\u00e9rience de la libert\u00e9<\/em>\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u514b\u6c0f\u624d\u63d0\u51fa\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b78\u6b63\u662f\u8ff4\u7136\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u9053\u5fb7\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u3002\u6bd4\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u806f\u60f3\u5230\u5229\u79d1\uff08Paul Ric\u0153ur\uff09\u7684\u540d\u8a00\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u8a18\u5f97\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8a18\u5f97\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\u7fa9\u52d9\u3002\u300d\uff08We must remember, because remembering is a moral duty.\uff09\u9019\u7a2e\u7fa9\u52d9\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2\u707d\u96e3\u88e1\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u300c\u5016\u5b58\u8005\u300d\u4ee5\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5ef6\u7e8c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u514d\u5f97\u300c\u6bba\u6389\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5169\u6b21\u300d\uff08killing the victims twice\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6309\u6211\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u537b\u7e3d\u662f\u523b\u610f\u62b9\u6d88\u8a18\u61b6\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u7be1\u6539\u6b77\u53f2\u73fe\u5be6\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5229\u79d1\u7684\u8a71\u5728\u6b64\u662f\u672a\u5fc5\u9069\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7e3d\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u8655\u4e8b\u6c92\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u53ef\u8a00\u554a\uff01\u7531\u662f\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u8aaa\u8a18\u61b6\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\uff08moral\uff09\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u502b\u7406\uff08ethical\uff09\u627f\u64d4\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u8fd1\u4f86\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u591a\u6709\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u99ac\u683c\u9e97\u7279\uff08Avishai Margalit\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u60f3\u6cd5\u61c9\u76f8\u5c0d\u63a5\u8fd1\u514b\u6c0f\uff1a\u5176\u5be6\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u4eab\u6709\u9078\u64c7\u662f\u5426\u300c\u8a18\u5f97\u300d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u5c07\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4ed6\u662f\u5426\u53c3\u8207\u5728\uff08engage in\uff09\u4e00\u7a2e\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u502b\u7406\u95dc\u4fc2\u88e1\uff0c\u80fd\u8207\uff08\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\uff09\u4ed6\u8005\u505c\u6cca\u5728\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u5171\u540c\u8a18\u61b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5206\u4eab\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a> \u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8207\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8a8d\u540c\u8207\u60c5\u52d5\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5c0a\u56b4\u4f5c\u70ba\u7406\u7531<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u82e5\u7136\u53cd\u6297\u4fbf\u662f\u672c\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u5920\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5728\u80cc\u5f8c\u9a45\u52d5\u6211\u5011\u6301\u7e8c\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u514b\u6c0f\u8aaa\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u60c5\u52d5\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a> \u5728\u65bc\u7576\u4e0b\u7684\u6297\u722d\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u90a3\u6bcb\u5be7\u53ef\u8aaa\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u89ba\u609f\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u4fdd\u8b77\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u8eab\u908a\u4eba\u8207\u6211\u57ce\u7684\u7fa9\u61a4\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u8aaa\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u662f\u7e41\u8907\u7684\u3002\u8207\u5176\u518d\u70ba\u514b\u6c0f\u5984\u4f5c\u95e1\u91cb\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4eab\u4e00\u4e0b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5207\u8eab\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u66fe\u805e\u4e00\u4f4d\u540c\u8def\u4eba\u8aaa\uff0c\u6295\u5165\u6297\u722d\u4e00\u8def\u8d70\u4f86\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u6295\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u5176\u5f8c\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u300d\uff08\u9019\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u7528\u8a9e\uff09\u3002\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u672a\u60f3\u6e05\u695a\u4fbf\u8d70\u4e0a\u524d\u7dda\uff0c\u55ae\u55ae\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u60c5\u611f\u9a45\u52d5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5167\u88e1\u6709\u8072\u97f3\u3001\u6709\u89f8\u52d5\u8b93\u4ed6\u6709\u52c7\u6c23\uff1b\u800c\u6295\u5165\u5f97\u8d8a\u983b\u5bc6\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u5728\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ed6\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u66f4\u662f\u77e5\u6027\u7684\u6297\u722d\u7b56\u7565\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u3002\u8f49\u5ff5\u4e00\u60f3\uff0c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u5c0d\u61c9\u514b\u6c0f\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7684\u6d3b\u751f\u751f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u7531\u67d0\u500b\u77ac\u9593\u5728\u5167\u5fc3\u9583\u71c3\u6e67\u73fe\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\uff08<em>Erlebnis<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u6f38\u6f38\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u4f5c\u70ba\u8010\u5fc3\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff08<em>Erfahrung<\/em>\uff09\u2500\u2500\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u767c\u751f\u5728\u6297\u722d\u8005\u7684\u751f\u547d\u88e1\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u61f7\u7591\u800c\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff1b\u6211\u5011\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\u60c5\u52d5\u65bc\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u59cb\u7d42\u5805\u5b88\u6211\u5011\u751f\u800c\u70ba\u4eba\u7684<strong>\u5c0a\u56b4<\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u8fd1\u4f86\u8b80\u5230\u4f55\u6f54\u6cd3\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5979\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u88ab\u8feb\u8fce\u4f86\u6700\u58de\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u3001\u9078\u64c7\u537b\u9020\u5c31\u6700\u597d\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u3002\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a> \u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u6700\u300d\u6211\u8aaa\u4e0d\u51fa\uff0c\u4f46\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5979\u805a\u7126\u9673\u8aaa\u300c\u9078\u64c7\u300d\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u537b\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\uff1a\u300c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u539f\u4f86\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u5f80\u751f\u5b58\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u2026\u2026\u4f60\u544a\u8a34\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u662f\u52d5\u7269\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u3002\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a> \u6211\u5011\u8981\u6c42\u6709\u6240\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u7121\u4ed6\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4ee5\u5c0a\u56b4\u4f5c\u70ba\u7406\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u807d\u8aaa\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u672c\u4f86\u662f\u70ba\u9078\u8209\u800c\u5beb\u7684\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u5c0d\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u6dfa\u6709\u767c\u60f3\u3002\u4e5d\u4e03\u653f\u6b0a\u79fb\u4ea4\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u5c31\u660e\u986f\u8655\u65bc\u67d0\u7a2e\u300c\u5f8c\u6c11\u4e3b\u300d\uff08post-democracy\uff09\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u6d2a\u5e2d\u8036\uff08Jacques Ranci\u00e8re\uff09\u66fe\u4f5c\u89e3\u91cb\uff1a\u300c\u5f8c\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u7ba1\u6cbb\u5be6\u8e10\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\uff0c\u9019\u6c11\u4e3b<strong>\u6c42\u8af8<\/strong>\u6c11\u773e\uff08demos\uff09\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u986f\u73fe\uff08appcarance\uff09\u3001\u932f\u7b97\uff08miscount\uff09\u8207\u722d\u57f7\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u88ab\u9084\u539f\u70ba\u50c5\u662f\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u5236\u548c\u793e\u6703\u80fd\u91cf\u8207\u5229\u76ca\u5404\u7a2e\u7d44\u5408\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a> \u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e4b\u540d\u7e3d\u5df2\u4f5c\u70ba\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u8207\u81ea\u7531\u4e0d\u5e36\u4efb\u4f55\u5fc5\u7136\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u800c\u9078\u8209\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u672c\u8eab\u4f3c\u4ea6\u6210\u70ba\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u507d\u8a17\uff08\u4e26\u4e14\u5982\u540c\u6211\u5011\u773c\u775c\u775c\u770b\u898b\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u518d\u5ef6\u64f1\uff09\u3002\u800c\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u5176\u4eba\u6b0a\u8a34\u6c42\u672c\u4f4d\u2014\u5e73\u7b49\u6297\u722d\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u614b\u5ea6\u800c\u9858\u540d\u4e4b\u66f0\u300c\u672c\u571f\u6d3e\u300d\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u59cb\u7d42\u88ab\u5b89\u9038\u65bc\u300c\u4e2d\u9593\u5171\u8b58\u300d\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u5be1\u982d\u653f\u9ee8\u6240\u6392\u64e0\u3001\u6240\u5272\u5e2d\uff0c\u6216\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u4e0a\u7684\u9119\u5937\u3002\u5728\u53bb\u5e74\u570b\u969b\u6230\u7dda\u7684\u54aa\u9ad8\u92d2\u4e0a\u6709\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u53e5\uff1aWe are the majority \u2500\u2500\u4f46\uff0cWe\uff08\u6211\u5011\uff09\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u96e3\u9053\u662f\u4ee5\u300c\u4e0d\u5206\u5316\u3001\u4e0d\u5272\u5e2d\u3001\u4e0d\u7be4\u7070\u300d\u7684\u5fc3\u8178\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u90a3\u4e9b\u9119\u5937\u300c\u672c\u571f\u6d3e\u300d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u653f\u9ee8\uff08\u4ed6\u5011\uff09\u55ce\uff1f\u61c9\u8a72\u554f\uff0c\u300c\u8b93\u672c\u571f\u6210\u70ba\u4e3b\u6d41\u300d\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7136\u9054\u6210\uff1f\u6211\u6b32\u5192\u96aa\u5730\u7591\u554f\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u300c\u672c\u571f\u6d3e\u300d\u6210\u70ba\u8b70\u6703\u4e3b\u6d41\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f\u6bd4\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u66f4\u5e0c\u671b\u898b\u5230\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4f5c\u70ba\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u8207\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u53bb\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5728\u8857\u4e0a\u558a\u300c\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u8fd1\u4e4e\u6bcf\u5169\u500b\u6708\u90fd\u6703\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u7531\u300c\u52a0\u6cb9\u300d\u3001\u300c\u53cd\u6297\u300d\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u9678\u9678\u7e8c\u7e8c\uff0c\u9019\u660e\u986f\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u7740\u9019\u5834\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a66\u5716\u5c0d\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4f5c\u51fa\u983b\u7e41\u7684\u518d\u8ff0\u2014\u91cd\u69cb\u2500\u2500\u800c\u6211\u6b32\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u518d\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08re-define\uff09\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u518d\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\uff08re-politicized\uff09\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u4e0d\u65b7\u66f4\u65b0\u4e26\u91d0\u6e05\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\uff08community\uff09\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u8207\u7406\u5ff5\u806f\u7e6b\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u514b\u6c0f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u611f\u6027\u8a8d\u540c\u5728\u6297\u722d\u8a71\u8a9e\u5834\u57df\u88e1\u4ea6\u5c24\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5f88\u6109\u5feb\u300d\u3001\u300c\u597d\u649a\u937e\u610f\u300d\u4e43\u81f3\u300c\u6211\u9858\u69ae\u5149\u300d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u908f\u8f2f\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8a9e\u53e5\u5927\u6982\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u8b93\u60c5\u611f\u75db\u5feb\u6dcb\u6f13\u5730\u5ba3\u6d29\u7684\u5171\u540c\u60c5\u52d5\uff08common affects\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u978f\u56fa\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6b78\u5c6c\u611f\u3002\u7684\u78ba\uff0c\u300c\u7576\u61a4\u6012\u548c\u54ed\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u6210\u70ba\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\uff0c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u662f\u6709\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u3002\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u60c5\u7dd2\u6709\u9f13\u52f5\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u300c\u653e\u8ca0\u300d\u7684\u3002\u6709\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4e9b\u5de6\u7ffc\u6703\u6613\u65bc\u60b2\u89c0\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u653e\u8a00\uff1a\u300c\u505a\u4e5c\u649a\u90fd\u4ffe\u4eba\u8a71\u4fc2\u71b1\u72d7\uff0c\u7121\u35ce\u5587\uff0c\u505a\u4e5c\u90fd\u7121\u7528\u35ce\u5587\u3002\u300d\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u7b97\u5de6\u7ffc\u9084\u662f\u5de6\u81a0\u6291\u6216\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u865b\u7121\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f46\u5225\u5fd8\u4e86\uff0cBe water\u7684\u8981\u7fa9\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u722d\u53d6\u518d\u8ff0\u300c\u4e0a\u5584\u82e5\u6c34\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u70ba\u8ad6\u8b49\u300c\u4e0d\u722d\u300d\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u7576\u662f\u81f3\u67d4\u5373\u81f3\u525b\u7684\u9053\u7406\uff1a\u5f62\u52e2\u7121\u5e38\uff0c\u6545\u80fd\u4fdd\u5168\u81ea\u8eab\u800c\u64ca\u7a7f\u842c\u7269\uff0c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u8a71\u8a9e\u6b0a\u4e0a\u7684\u7d71\u8b58\uff08hegemony\uff09\u5fc5\u8981\u3002Be water\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u59cb\u7d42\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u80fd\u52d5\u6027\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6216\u66f0\u4e00\u7a2e\u59cb\u7d42\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u4f5c\u70ba\u6046\u5e38\u59ff\u52e2\u7684\u6297\u722d\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u800c\u7d55\u975e\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u9003\u9038\u8a17\u8a5e\u3002\u7531\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u5728\u6297\u722d\u524d\u7dda\u4e0a\u7684\u63d0\u9192\uff0c\u95dc\u4e4e\u66f4\u65b0\u52d5\u614b\u3001\u96a8\u6a5f\u61c9\u8b8a\uff1b\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4f5c\u70ba\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u59cb\u7d42\u8a66\u5716\u8df3\u812b\u65bc\u820a\u6709\u601d\u7dad\u6846\u67b6\uff1b\u66f4\u751a\u662f\u767c\u73fe\u4ee5\u73fe\u5b58\u4e4b\u7269\u6839\u672c\u7121\u6cd5\u5c0d\u6297\u5f37\u6b0a\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u52c7\u65bc\u5c0b\u6c42\u7121\u4e2d\u751f\u6709\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u806f\u60f3\u5230\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u300b\u88e1\u7684\u5c11\u5e74\u5927\u885b\uff0c\u5940\u6311\u9b3c\u547d\uff0c\u537b\u8d85\u4e4e\u5e38\u4eba\u60f3\u50cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u77f3\u584a\u64ca\u5012\u5de8\u4eba\uff0c\u51fa\u5947\u5236\u52dd\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u9019\u5c31\u662fBe water\u7684\u771f\u7fa9\u4e86\u3002\uff08\u5f9e\u4e2d\u6211\u5011\u898b\u8b49\u90a3\u4e0d\u53ef\u773c\u898b\u4e4b\u7269\u5f70\u986f\u81ea\u8eab\u4e26\u5275\u5beb\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u514b\u6c0f\u8aaa\u6210\u300c\u8d85\u529b\u91cf\u300d\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\u6211\u9858\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u795e\u3002\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u601d\u8003\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0cBe water\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u5011\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u5984\u60f3\u80fd\u7a69\u5b9a\u638c\u63a7\u4e9b\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u800c\u59cb\u7d42\u6562\u65bc\u6d41\u8b8a\u2500\u2500\u56de\u5230\u514b\u6c0f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u6eff\u5e36\u98a8\u96aa\u7684\u8ced\u535a\uff0c\u7336\u5982\u4e0d\u65b7\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u5177\u5099\u72a7\u7272\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u4e26\u611f\u67d3\u8eab\u908a\u4ed6\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4ee5\u6c34\u4e4b\u540d\u907f\u904e\u82e6\u96e3\u3002\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u6b32\u62b5\u6297\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u53ef\u540d\u70baThe specters of Mao\u7684\u65b0\u5f0f\u300c\u9b42\u5728\u8ad6\u300d\uff08hauntology\uff09\uff0cBe water\u6240\u555f\u793a\u6297\u722d\u8005\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u5c31\u53ef\u8b02\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u4eba\u5728\u8ad6\u300d\u7684\u9053\u7406\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a> \u53bb\u5e74\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u5927\u5b78\u88ab\u570d\u653b\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u88e1\uff0c\u6211\u6700\u656c\u611b\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u66fe\u8ddf\u6211\u5011\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u5011\u9084\u5728\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u5c31\u9084\u5728\uff1b\u4f60\u5011\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u5b78\uff01\u300d\u5f88\u62b1\u6b49\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u6700\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u60a8\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u6211\u60f3\u6211\u6703\u8a18\u4e00\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u662f\u5427\uff0c\u53ea\u8981<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba<\/strong>\u5728\uff0c<strong>\u9999\u6e2f<\/strong>\u5c31\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7d50\u8a9e\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u6703\u5b58\u5728<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u6210\u9577\u65bc\u300c\u516d\u516b\u5e74\u4ee3\u300d\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\uff0c\u514b\u6c0f\u5728\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u4ea4\u51fa\u4e86\u5979\u773c\u4e2d\u9023\u540c\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e4b\u671f\u671b\u7684\u300c\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u300d\uff1b\u800c\u4f5c\u70ba\u6210\u9577\u65bc\u300c\u96e8\u5098\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5149\u6642\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u6211\u4ea6\u80fd\u5920\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u6df1\u62b1\u76fc\u671b\uff1a\u514b\u6c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u5049\u5927\u4f5c\u54c1\u300d\uff0c\u9023\u540c\u90a3\u4e00\u5207\u771f\u5be6\u8207\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u5f8c\u5ef6\u800c\u81f3\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6230\u52dd\u4e4b\u65e5\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u5011\u300d\u6240\u4ee5\u7d42\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u6b64\u523b\u6bcf\u500b\u500b\u9ad4\u6240\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u56e0\u800c\u907a\u7559\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u5fd7\u2500\u2500\u7336\u5982\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u9ec3\u91d1\u4e4b\u98a8\uff0c\u7d42\u5c07\u5411\u5176\u6240\u63c0\u9078\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u662d\u63ed\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u300c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u5bc4\u4e88\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u3002\u300d\uff08123\uff09\u6211\u4e0d\u6703\u5fd8\u8a18\u6b64\u66f8\u524d\u8a00\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u70ba\u6642\u5c1a\u672a\u7b97\u665a\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u524d\u9014\u4f86\u6253\u4e00\u6b21\u8ced\u3002\u300c\u6211\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u6545\u6211\u5011\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u300d\uff08\u963f\u723e\u8c9d\uff0e\u52a0\u7e46\u8a9e\uff09\u4e5f\u8a31\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u6545\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u6703\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u5c07\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u5149\u660e\u800c\u6f2b\u9577\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u91cb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> \u6b64\u53e5\u610f\u601d\u70ba\uff1a\u300c\u53cd\u6297\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u8207\u5c0a\u56b4\u540c\u7fa9\u3002\u300d\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u9ec3\u665e\u8018\u8b6f\u672c\uff08\u6842\u6797\uff1a\u5ee3\u897f\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2007\uff09\u8207\u539f\u6587\u5c0d\u8b80\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5f15\u9304\u6587\u672c\u53ca\u9801\u6578\u7686\u4ee5\u9ec3\u6c0f\u8b6f\u672c\u70ba\u6e96\uff0c\u4e0d\u5197\u4e00\u4e00\u6a19\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> \u9ec3\u78a7\u96f2\uff1a\u3008\u75ca\u6108\u8a18\u3009\uff0c\u9644\u674e\u667a\u826f\u300a\u623f\u9593\u300b\u4ee3\u5e8f\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1akubrick\uff0c2007\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5237\uff09\uff0c17\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a> \u52de\u7def\u6d1b\uff1a\u3008\u5728\u7159\u9727\u88cf\uff0c\u6211\u91cd\u8b80\u9673\u6ec5\u2500\u2500\u9019\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u300a\u6297\u4e16\u8a69\u8a71\u300b\u3009\uff0c\u898b\u300a\u6587\u5b78\u9999\u6e2f\u300b\uff0c2019\u5e7412\u67083\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a> \u514b\u6c0f\u5728\u6b64\u5ef6\u4f38\u9102\u862d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u6709\u8457\u7cbe\u5f69\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\u3002\u5979\u6307\u51fa\u9019\u4e9b\u865b\u7121\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u300c\u507d\u53cd\u6297\u8005\u300d\u5728\u9769\u547d\u795e\u8a71\u7684\u865b\u5e7b\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u4e2d\u5b89\u4e4b\u82e5\u7d20\uff0c\u5373\u58ae\u5165\u4e86\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u5708\u5957\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7d42\u6b62\u53cd\u6297\u3001\u62d2\u7d55\u4eba\u6c11\u9032\u884c\u601d\u8003\u56de\u6eaf\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u6975\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u66f4\u8a73\u7d30\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\u6f22\u5a1c\uff0e\u9102\u862d\uff08Hannah Arendt\uff09\u8457\u3001\u6797\u9a64\u83ef\u8b6f\uff1a\u300a\u6975\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\uff08<em>The Origins of Totalitarianism<\/em>\uff09\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5de6\u5cb8\u6587\u5316\uff0c2009\u5e7411\u6708\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a> \u514b\u6c0f\u5728\u6b64\u5faa\u4f5b\u6d1b\u4f9d\u5fb7\u7684\u5b78\u8aaa\uff0c\u8ad6\u8ff0\u81ea\u6211\u56de\u6eaf\u8207\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u60a3\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5f8c\u8fc5\u901f\u8df3\u63a5\u5230\u89c0\u5ff5\u8ad6\u8207\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u7684\u5c64\u9762\u5c0d\u73fe\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u82e6\u60f1\u4f5c\u51fa\u806f\u60f3\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8209\u51fa\u4e86\u99ac\u62c9\u7f8e\u8207\u55ac\u4f0a\u65af\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u8a9e\u8a00\u5f62\u614b\u4f5c\u70ba\u4f8b\u8b49\u3002\u96d6\u5341\u5206\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u8207\u5fb7\u52d2\u8332\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e26\u7f6e\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u60df\u8207\u672c\u6587\u8981\u65e8\u4e0d\u751a\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u9650\u65bc\u7bc7\u5e45\uff0c\u4e0d\u5197\u63d0\u53ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a> \u5176\u5be6\u6211\u6b64\u8655\u6240\u8a00\u6709\u8457\u904e\u65bc\u7c21\u5316\u4e4b\u5acc\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u8003\u616e\u5230\u514b\u6c0f\u5728\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7ae0\u7bc0\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6c92\u6709\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u53ea\u6709\u80fd\u6307\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5c0d\u67d0\u7a2e\u91ce\u883b\u672c\u6027\u63d0\u51fa\u6062\u5fa9\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u552f\u6709\u5728\u6b64\u7565\u4f5c\u88dc\u5145\uff1a\u514b\u6c0f\u5728\u7dca\u63a5\u5c0d\u81ea\u7531\uff08<em>\u00e9leutheria<\/em>\uff09\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8a5e\u6e90\u5b78\u7684\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u4ee5\u8056\u7d93\u5178\u6545\u8207\u5f12\u7236\u5bd3\u8a00\u8ad6\u8b49\u5176\u9996\u5148\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u8eab\u9ad4\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e26\u8209\u51fa\u62c9\u5eb7\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u8d85\u51fa\u6212\u5f8b\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u502b\u7406\u300d\u8207\u300c\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u8aaa\u660e\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u690d\u6839\u65bc\u672c\u80fd\u617e\u671b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u793e\u6703\u502b\u7406\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u63a2\u554f\u81ea\u7531\u4f55\u70ba\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u8207\u8faf\u8b49\u6027\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5979\u6309\u4f5b\u6d1b\u4f9d\u5fb7\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u617e\u671b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u5169\u7a2e\u76f8\u61c9\u547d\u904b\u662f\u70ba\u5169\u7a2e\u611b\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u53c8\u8209\u51fa\u5f9e\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u601d\u60f3\u5230\u5c3c\u91c7\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5c0d\u65bc\u617e\u671b\u8207\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5340\u5206\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f37\u8abf\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u80fd\u52d5\u6027\u3002\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5979\u5c31\u9019\u7a2e\u7531\u9811\u5f37\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u610f\u5fd7\u6240\u9a45\u4f7f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u6bd4\u7167\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u8207\u62c9\u5eb7\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u614b\u5ea6\u4e4b\u7570\u540c\uff0c\u4e26\u8b9a\u540c\u5f8c\u8005\u63a5\u53d7\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5c48\u670d\u65bc\u81ea\u8eab\u617e\u671b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d0\u51fa\u5176\u5177\u6709\u96c6\u9ad4\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u502b\u7406\u610f\u7fa9\u4e4b\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u51e1\u6b64\u7a2e\u7a2e\uff0c\u7336\u5982\u4e00\u90e8\u7576\u4ee3\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5e2b\u61c9\u7528\u624b\u518c\uff0c\u60df\u7919\u65bc\u984c\u65e8\u8207\u7bc7\u5e45\uff0c\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u5b9c\u5728\u6b64\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u6545\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u64c7\u4e00\u9685\u6dfa\u4f5c\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u76e1\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u8d70\u99ac\u770b\u82b1\u3001\u7c21\u5316\u7406\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a> Sigmund Freud, <em>Civilisation et ses m\u00e9contentements <\/em>(Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1971), 45.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a> ibid., 78.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a> \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u5340\u5206\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u662f\u300c\u9069\u61c9\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u300d\u8207\u300c\u986f\u793a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u300d\uff1b\u4ea6\u8207\u53ca\u5f8c\u8ad6\u8b49\u7684\u300c\u8868\u9054\u611f\u6027\u6642\u9593\u300d\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u5c0d\u7167\u666e\u9b6f\u65af\u7279\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u8ad6\u66f4\u662f\u6975\u5177\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7559\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u514b\u6c0f\u8a9e\u5883\u88e1\u7684\u8a00\u8a9e\uff0f\u8a00\u8ad6\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6f5b\u5728\u8457\u4e00\u5b9a\u6587\u5316\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u4e26\u5c24\u95dc\u65bc\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u4ee5\u4f86\u4e0d\u5c11\u5b78\u8005\u6301\u7e8c\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u6587\u660e\u885d\u7a81\u8ad6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u662f\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u4e16\u754c\u8207\u5168\u7403\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u9593\u5404\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5c0d\u5cd9\uff0c\u60df\u975e\u95dc\u672c\u6587\u8981\u65e8\uff0c\u6309\u6b64\u4e0d\u8ac7\u3002Julia Kristeva, <em>Thinking about liberty in dark times. <\/em>The lecture presented at the Holberg Symposium, 2 December 2004. <a href=\"https:\/\/holbergprisen.no\/en\/holbergprisen\/julia-kristeva-thinking-about-liberty-dark-times\">https:\/\/holbergprisen.no\/en\/holbergprisen\/julia-kristeva-thinking-about-liberty-dark-times<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a> \u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u96e3\u5bdf\u89ba\u5230\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u7406\u8ad6\u5c0d\u514b\u6c0f\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u6df1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a> Jeff Barker, \u201cThis is Water: The Ethics of Memory: A review on Avishai Margalit\u2019s <em>The Ethics of <\/em>Memory\u201d, H-Genocide, December 2006. \u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u514b\u6c0f\u6703\u540c\u610f\u99ac\u683c\u9e97\u7279\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u300a\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u63d0\u51fa\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b78\u6b63\u662f\u5c0d\u8056\u00b7\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u8a9e\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u547d\u904b\u300d\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u958b\u653e\u91cd\u7372\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u9032\u800c\uff0c\u5979\u6307\u51fa\u4eba\u4e4b\u70ba\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u9664\u81ea\u8eab\u4ee5\u5916\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u5728\u76ee\u7684\uff08\u5148\u9a57\u9053\u5fb7\uff09\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u2500\u2500\u56e0\u6b64\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u5728\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\u5efa\u7acb\u89aa\u5bc6\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u5c0b\u6c42\u5b89\u6a02\u7684\u50be\u5411\u3002\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u300c\u601d\u7dad\u2014\u610f\u9858\u2014\u5224\u65b7\u300d\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4eba\u662f\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u53bb\u9078\u64c7\u5176\u662f\u5426\u4fdd\u6301\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u793e\u6703\u502b\u7406\u806f\u7e6b\u7684\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u5979\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u672c\u80fd\u50be\u5411\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u90fd\u6703\u9078\u64c7\u300c\u8a18\u5f97\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u53c8\uff0c\u6b64\u8655\u4ea6\u53ef\u5c0d\u7167\u514b\u6c0f\u66f8\u4e2d\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206\u8ac7\u53ca\u7f85\u862d\uff0e\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u300c\u96f6\u5ea6\u300d\u6982\u5ff5\u8207\u5979\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u300c\u5351\u9119\u6027\u300d\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6240\u4f5c\u51fa\u6709\u95dc\u502b\u7406\u7684\u767c\u60f3\uff0c\u4e0d\u5197\u7d30\u8ac7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a> \u514b\u6c0f\u5c0d\u60c5\u52d5\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u8207\u5176\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u672c\u696d\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u5de6\u7ffc\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u53cd\u52d5\u3002\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u53ef\u8b02\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\uff08the politics of dynamics\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u570b\u5bb6\u653f\u6b0a\u6240\u6050\u61fc\u800c\u591a\u52a0\u6253\u58d3\u7684\u2500\u2500\u56e0\u70ba\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u610f\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a> \u4f55\u6f54\u6cd3\uff0c\u3008\u9078\u64c7\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u7121\u5f62\u300b\u7b2c29\u671f\u300c\u5982\u679c\uff0c\u547d\u904b\u80fd\u9078\u64c7\u300d\uff082020\u5e749\u6708\uff09\uff1a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a> Ranci\u00e8re, Jacques. <em>Disagreement: Politics and Philosophy, <\/em>trans. Julie Rose (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1999), 102. \u8f49\u5f15\u81ea\u58a8\u83f2\uff08Chantal Mouffe\uff09\u8457\u3001\u694a\u5929\u5e25\u8b6f\uff1a\u300a\u5beb\u7d66\u5de6\u7ffc\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u624b\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2020\u5e741\u6708\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7248\uff09\uff0c17\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a> \u4f55\u6f54\u6cd3\uff0c\u3008\u9078\u64c7\u3009\uff0c10\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a> \u6211\u66fe\u5728\u5225\u6587\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u4e0b\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u88e1\uff0cThe Specters of Mao\u7684\u300c\u501f\u5c4d\u9084\u9b42\u300d\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5df2\u7136\u53d6\u4ee3\u5fb7\u5e0c\u9054\u6307\u51fa\u7684The Spectors of Marx\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u9b42\u5728\u8ad6\u3002\u53c3\u8003\u52de\u7def\u6d1b\uff1a\u3008\u6797\u4e2d\u5947\u9ce5\uff0c\u7368\u5f80\u7121\u8072\u2500\u2500\u5f9e\u4e03\u7b49\u751f\u300a\u6c99\u6cb3\u60b2\u6b4c\u300b\u53cd\u601d\u6297\u722d\u66f8\u5beb\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3009\uff0c\u300aSample \u6a23\u672c\u300b\u7b2c18\u671f\u300c\u707d\u96e3\u61c9\u8b8a\u624b\u518a\u300d\uff082020\u5e745\u20136\u6708\uff09\uff1a120\u2013127\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La r\u00e9volte est notre mystique, synonyme de dignit\u00e9. \u2500\u2500Julia Kristeva, 1998[1] 2019\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u632f\u81c2\u9ad8\u547c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u8207\u60b2\u61a4\uff0c\u90a3\u6642\u5019&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2898,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[428,212],"tags":[2358,2357,425,2355,2356,1558,1032],"ppma_author":[1738],"aioseo_notices":[],"authors":[{"term_id":1738,"user_id":127,"is_guest":0,"slug":"lowailok","display_name":"\u52de\u7def\u6d1b","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16f7b5229200ef4e377c48dd5d77b951?s=96&d=mm&r=g","first_name":"\u52de\u7def\u6d1b","last_name":"","user_url":"","description":"2001\u5e74\u751f\u65bc\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u5c31\u8b80\u9999\u6e2f\u6d78\u6703\u5927\u5b78\u6587\u5b78\u9662\uff0c\u73fe\u8d74\u570b\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u8a2a\u554f\u30022018\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u5c0f\u8aaa\u300a\u5377\u65bd\u300b\uff1b\u73fe\u9593\u6709\u5beb\u8a69\u3001\u8a55\u8ad6\u3002"}],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2897"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2897"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2897\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2897"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2897"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2897"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fppma_author&post=2897"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}