{"id":2475,"date":"2020-02-16T13:59:18","date_gmt":"2020-02-16T05:59:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=2475"},"modified":"2020-02-10T14:25:30","modified_gmt":"2020-02-10T06:25:30","slug":"%e8%ae%80%e3%80%8a%e5%88%91%e7%bd%b0%e6%b0%91%e7%b2%b9%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9%e3%80%8b%e2%94%80%e2%94%80%e6%b0%91%e7%b2%b9%e8%88%87%e6%99%ae%e9%81%8d%e6%84%8f%e5%bf%97%e7%9a%84%e5%b9%bb%e8%b1%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=2475","title":{"rendered":"\u8b80\u300a\u5211\u7f70\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300b\u2500\u2500\u6c11\u7cb9\u8207\u666e\u904d\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u5e7b\u8c61"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08populism\uff09\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u5728\u7576\u4ee3\u7684\u8a9e\u7528\u4e0b\u513c\u7136\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u8ca0\u9762\u7684\u8a5e\u8a9e\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5176\u539f\u521d\u7684\u610f\u6db5\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u9075\u5f9e\u7740\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u504f\u597d\u800c\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u800c\u5211\u7f70\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e00\u76f4\u628a\u5b83\u7576\u4f5c\u662f\u500b\u7d14\u6cd5\u5b78\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5211\u7f70\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5f88\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u4e14\u300a\u5211\u7f70\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300b\uff08<em>Penal Populism<\/em>\uff09\u4f5c\u8005\u5e15\u62c9\u7279\uff08John Pratt\uff09\u4e26\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u300cpunishment\u300d\u4f86\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u300cpenal\u300d\u66f4\u6307\u6d89\u7740\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5211\u7a2e\u7684\u8a9e\u8a5e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u66f4\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u5211\u7f70\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u6587\u521d\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u5148\u8aaa\u660e\u4f55\u8b02\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\uff0c\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u6703\u8aaa\u9019\u662f\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u80cc\u5149\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7279\u9ede\u91cd\u8981\u53ef\u6b78\u7d0d\u51fa\u7684\u6709\u4e09\u500b\u7279\u5fb5\uff1a\u5340\u5225\u3001\u6cdb\u9053\u5fb7\u5316\u3001\u771f\u5be6\u4eba\u6c11\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5340\u5225\uff0c\u5340\u5225\u4fc2\u6307\u4f5c\u51fa\u4f8b\u5982\u5e73\u6c11\u8207\u83c1\u82f1\u7684\u5340\u5225\u3001\u6216\u4f9d\u570b\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f5c\u51fa\u570b\u6c11\u8207\u79fb\u6c11\uff08\u975e\u570b\u6c11\uff09\u7684\u5340\u5225\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f9d\u7167\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u6211\u7fa4\uff08we group\uff09\uff0f\u4ed6\u8005\uff08others\uff09\u7684\u5340\u5206\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u5340\u5225\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u6a19\u6e96\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u7a2e\u65cf\u3001\u819a\u8272\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7b49\uff1b\u6cdb\u9053\u5fb7\u5316\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u85c9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u83c1\u82f1\u662f\u8150\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u79fb\u6c11\u8005\u662f\u58de\u7684\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u628a\u653f\u6cbb\u8b70\u984c\u4e88\u4ee5\u5e36\u5165\u9053\u5fb7\u5834\u57df\uff0c\u8b93\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u88ab\u64f1\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u7686\u6709\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u5c31\u8f49\u6210\u8a55\u50f9\u8207\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff1b\u771f\u5be6\u4eba\u6c11\u5247\u662f\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7528\u8a5e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u6703\u8072\u7a31\u81ea\u5df1\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u771f\u5be6\u4eba\u6c11\uff08the real people\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4f6f\u7a31\u7684\u6b63\u7576\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u7576\u6027\u4f86\u6e90\u6b63\u662f\u500b\u9ad4\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u6240\u8a17\u4ed8\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5a92\u9ad4\u5f62\u69cb\u6211\u5011\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u5951\u5408\u4e0b\u5c07\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5f97\u4ee5\u51dd\u805a\u8d77\u4e00\u80a1\u80fd\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u51dd\u805a\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u65bc\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u60c5\uff0c\u5f9e\u9053\u5fb7\u5316\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5f97\u4ee5\u5c07\u81ea\u8eab\u57fa\u65bc\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5224\u65b7\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u7c07\u64c1\u4e0b\u4f7f\u5f97\u57fa\u790e\u4e8b\u5be6\u932f\u8aa4\u800c\u7522\u751f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u7d50\u8ad6\uff09\u6210\u70ba\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u89c0\u5ff5\u6210\u70ba\u8a8d\u77e5\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u524d\u8a2d\u5f8c\u7d93\u904e\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u717d\u52d5\uff0c\u89c0\u5ff5\u5c07\u6210\u70ba\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u9a45\u529b\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u96c6\u7d50\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u52d5\u54e1\uff08mobilized\uff09\u7684\u7fa4\u9ad4\u3002\u800c\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7279\u8272\u6b63\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u50cf\u662f\u500b\u9644\u5408\u9ad4\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u5f97\u4ee5\u7d50\u5408\u65bc\u73fe\u4e0b\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u5149\u8b5c\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u5de6\u7ffc\u3001\u53f3\u7ffc\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u7368\u88c1\u3001\u5171\u7522\u3001\u79c1\u6709\u3001\u798f\u5229\u3001\u653e\u4efb\u7b49\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u63a1\u53d6\u5be6\u8cea\u6027\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u97cb\u4f2f\u5c0d\u570b\u5bb6\u5283\u6642\u4ee3\u5f9e\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5728\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\uff08\u88ab\u7d71\u6cbb\u8005\uff09\u8207\u83c1\u82f1\uff08\u7d71\u6cbb\u8005\uff09\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\u5728\u524d\u8ff0\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u7d44\u5408\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6210\u578b\u4e86\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u662f\u88ab\u8072\u7a31\u5927\u65bc\u7d71\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\uff0c\u6545\u96c5\u5178\u5f0f\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u88ab\u4e3b\u5f35\u66f4\u512a\u65bc\u73fe\u4ee3\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u6240\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4ee3\u8b70\u5f0f\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u78ba\u5be6\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u555f\u8499\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u6703\u6b78\u529f\u52de\u7d66\u76e7\u68ad\u7684\u300a\u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u672c\u8ad6\u8457\u4e2d\u537b\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u88ab\u89e3\u8b80\u6210\u5c08\u5236\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u96c6\u7d50\u6210\u7684\u666e\u904d\u610f\u5fd7\uff08general will\uff09\u624d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u72c0\u614b\u904e\u6e21\u5230\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u4e4b\u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u5167\u9023\u7d50\u8d77\u6240\u6709\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\u5f8c\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9019\u5c31\u50cf\u6d1b\u514b\u5728\u8ac7\u81ea\u7136\u72c0\u614b\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u773e\u4eba\u7686\u70ba\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u8ab0\u624d\u80fd\u8aaa\u4ed6\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\uff1f\u8ab0\u624d\u80fd\u8aaa\u4ed6\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e86\u666e\u904d\u610f\u5fd7\uff1f\u96d6\u7136\u76e7\u68ad\u8a8d\u70ba\u666e\u904d\u610f\u5fd7\u662f\u8207\u773e\u610f\u5fd7\uff08will of all\uff09\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u7e3d\u548c\u4e26\u4e0d\u7b49\u65bc\u666e\u904d\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u5728\u5f8c\u6bb5\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e5f\u662f\u59a5\u5354\u6027\u5730\u5982\u6b64\u9000\u8b93\u3002\u4f46\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6b63\u5728\u65bc\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u8072\u7a31\u4ed6\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u9019\u666e\u904d\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5c31\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5728\u5211\u7f70\u7684\u5834\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u6b77\u53f2\u8faf\u8b49\u6027\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u30021970\u5e74\u662f\u5206\u6c34\u5dba\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u524d\u5c07\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u662f\u77ef\u6b63\u7406\u8ad6\uff08rehabilitation theory\uff09\u7684\u76db\u884c\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u56e0\u61c9\u7740\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u5be6\u8b49\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u601d\u6f6e\u6240\u7531\u751f\u7684\u77ef\u6b63\u7406\u5ff5\u5728\u65bc\u5c4f\u68c4\u4e86\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u904e\u6642\u7684\u6b63\u7fa9\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u6b63\u7fa9\uff08justice\uff09\u3001\u61c9\u5831\uff08desert\uff09\u3001\u516c\u6b63\uff08just\uff09\u90fd\u4e0d\u518d\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u3002\u72af\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u505a\u932f\u4e8b\u800c\u88ab\u61f2\u7f70\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u751f\u4e86\u75c5\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u6cbb\u7642\u3002\u81ea\u6b64\uff0c\u72af\u7f6a\u554f\u984c\u8b8a\u6210\u7f6a\u72af\u554f\u984c\uff08crime problems become criminal problems\uff09\uff0c\u61f2\u7f70\u8b8a\u6210\u7642\u7a0b\uff08punishment becomes therapy\uff09\uff0c\u5211\u7f70\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4ee5\u9053\u5fb7\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ea4\u7531\u5c08\u5bb6\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u77ef\u6cbb\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u8af8\u5982\u4e0d\u5b9a\u671f\u5211\u3001\u5f37\u5236\u6cbb\u7642\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\u88ab\u6279\u5224\u6709\u628a\u500b\u9ad4\u53bb\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u7684\u50be\u5411\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u7406\u8ad6\u6240\u8a34\u8af8\u7684\u300c\u5f8c\u679c\u300d\u4e26\u7121\u5f9e\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f9e\u8c9d\u514b\uff08Ulrich Beck\uff09\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u6982\u5ff5\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u4ea4\u4e92\u7740\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6e67\u8d77\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5211\u7f70\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u8f49\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u9577\u6642\u671f\u83c1\u82f1\u8a71\u8a9e\u6b0a\u58df\u65b7\u7684\u5834\u57df\u4e2d\u800c\u672a\u9054\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u96a8\u7740\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u5404\u7a2e\u6279\u8a55\uff1a\u4f86\u81ea\u5de6\u7ffc\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u662f\u865f\u7a31\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u537b\u662f\u8b93\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u88ab\u5305\u88dd\u5728\u7f8e\u5999\u7684\u8a00\u8a5e\u4e0b\u4e14\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4eba\u9053\uff1b\u4f86\u81ea\u53f3\u7ffc\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u5247\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u4e0d\u50c5\u8017\u8cbb\u4e86\u9f90\u5927\u7684\u7a05\u91d1\uff0c\u66f4\u4e14\u662f\u7121\u6548\u7684\u3002\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u8981\u8b93\u6b0a\u5229\uff08right\uff09\u56de\u6b78\u672c\u4f4d\u4f7f\u798f\u5229\uff08welfare\uff09\u9000\u4f4d\uff0c\u8b93\u4e3b\u9ad4\u518d\u6b21\u4e3b\u9ad4\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u7576\u4f5c\u662f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u75c5\u60a3\uff09\uff0c\u7455\u75b5\uff08deficient\uff09\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\uff08\u72af\uff09\u7f6a\u884c\uff08\u70ba\uff09\u624d\u662f\u3002\u800c\u56e0\u5148\u524d\u5c08\u5bb6\u4fe1\u8b7d\u7684\u7834\u640d\u7684\u5c0e\u81f4\u53f8\u6cd5\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u6027\u4e5f\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\u4e2d\u53d7\u5bb3\u4eba\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e5f\u6f38\u986f\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u9673\u8ff0\u4e5f\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u53f8\u6cd5\u7684\u5834\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u8b93\u60c5\u7dd2\uff08\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u60c5\uff09\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\u6d41\u6dcc\u9032\u4e86\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e2d\u7684\u986f\u73fe\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u80fd\u767c\u73fe\u5230\u5211\u7f70\u4e2d\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u5730\u5c0d\u65bc\u72af\u7f6a\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u66f4\u4e3b\u8981\u5730\u662f\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6062\u5fa9\u56e0\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8b8a\u9077\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53bb\u51dd\u7d50\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u6b21\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5167\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u88ab\u5ba3\u7a31\u6709\u300c\u771f\u5be6\u4eba\u6c11\u300d\u8cc7\u683c\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u6709\u5165\u5834\u5238\u3002<\/p>\n<p 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