{"id":2156,"date":"2019-06-03T19:02:15","date_gmt":"2019-06-03T11:02:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=2156"},"modified":"2019-06-03T19:02:27","modified_gmt":"2019-06-03T11:02:27","slug":"%e5%b9%b3%e6%88%90%e7%a4%be%e6%9c%83%e5%8f%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=2156","title":{"rendered":"\u5e73\u6210\u793e\u6703\u53f2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5e73\u6210\u7d42\u65bc\u4e00\u4e16\u3002\u6539\u5143\u4e26\u7121\u5be6\u8cea\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u56e0\u8972\u5e74\u865f\u8ff0\u53f2\uff0c\u7d14\u7cb9\u56e0\u5e73\u6210\u4f0a\u59cb\uff081989\uff09\u8207\u51b7\u6230\u7d50\u675f\u3001\u4e94\u4e94\u5e74\u9ad4\u5236\u5d29\u89e3\uff081993\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e5\u672c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6ce1\u6cab\u7206\u7834\uff081992\uff09\u5927\u81f4\u91cd\u758a\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u4e09\u4e00\u4e00\u5730\u9707\u6642\u671f\u5247\u8c61\u5fb51970\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7a4d\u5f0a\u7206\u767c\u3002\u300c\u5931\u53bb\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u300d\uff08\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\uff1f\uff09\u5176\u4f86\u6709\u81ea\uff0c\u5e73\u6210\u53f2\u8981\u5f9e\u662d\u548c\u53f2\u8aaa\u8d77\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u662d\u548c\u53f2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u7576\u6211\u5011\u8ac7\u8ad6\u662d\u548c\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u8ac7\u8ad6\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u662d\u548c\uff1f\u6839\u64da\u65e5\u672c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u8005\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u8b1b\u8d77\u300c\u662d\u548c\u6642\u4ee3\u300d\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6cdb\u6307\u78ba\u7acb\u65bc1975\u5e74\u524d\u5f8c\u7684\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u793e\u6703\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6230\u524d\u3001\u6230\u6642\u6216\u6230\u5f8c\u9ad8\u901f\u589e\u9577\u6642\u671f\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u300d\uff0c\u610f\u6307\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u9ad4\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f37\u8abf\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u53ca\u500b\u4eba\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u4f4e\u7a05\u8ca0\u5c0f\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u798f\u5229\u6b62\u65bc\u5f31\u8005\u6551\u6fdf\uff1b\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5247\u91cd\u8996\u5bb6\u65cf\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u3001\u884c\u6703\u53ca\u5730\u57df\u7b49\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\uff0c\u798f\u5229\u5236\u5ea6\u5efa\u57fa\u65bc\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4ea6\u65e8\u5728\u4fdd\u969c\u7dad\u7e6b\u7d44\u7e54\u3002\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5411\u4f86\u5b58\u5728\u5169\u91cd\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u516c\u52d9\u54e1\u3001\u5927\u4f01\u696d\u6b63\u793e\u54e1\u3001\u8fb2\u6c11\u53ca\u81ea\u50f1\u4eba\u58eb\u5927\u62b5\u5c6c\u65bc\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u4e43\u81f3\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u96c7\u7528\u8077\u54e1\uff08\u8af8\u5982\u517c\u8077\u3001\u5916\u5224\u3001\u81e8\u6642\u5de5\uff09\u5247\u76f8\u5c0d\u63a5\u8fd1\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e16\u754c\u30021979\u5e74\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u51fa\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u798f\u7949\u793e\u6703\u300d\u7684\u9858\u666f\u2500\u2500\u300c\u4ee5\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u52a9\u52aa\u529b\u52a0\u4e0a\u5bb6\u5ead\u9130\u91cc\u8207\u5730\u57df\u793e\u6703\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u2026\u2026\u6191\u81ea\u7531\u7d93\u6fdf\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5275\u9020\u529b\u53ca\u539f\u52d5\u529b\u8d70\u51fa\u6211\u570b\u7368\u7279\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>\u2500\u2500\u5c31\u662f\u660e\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u6240\u8b02\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u793e\u6703\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u591a\u5c11\u662f\u7531\u570b\u969b\u74b0\u5883\u5851\u9020\u30021973\u5e74\u53ca1979\u5e74\u5169\u6b21\u77f3\u6cb9\u5371\u6a5f\u9020\u6210\u5168\u7403\u767c\u9054\u570b\u5bb6\u7d93\u6fdf\u8870\u9000\uff0c\u6eef\u8139\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b50\u7f8e\u7b49\u5de5\u696d\u5f37\u570b\u5931\u696d\u7387\u6025\u5347\uff0c\u671f\u9593\u65e5\u672c\u96d6\u7136\u540c\u898b\u751f\u7522\u7e3d\u503c\u56de\u843d\uff0c\u9ad8\u901f\u589e\u9577\u6642\u671f\u544a\u7d42\uff0c\u5931\u696d\u7387\u537b\u80fd\u7dad\u6301\u65bc\u76f8\u5c0d\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u5c31\u696d\u4eba\u6578\u66f4\u5148\u8dcc\u5f8c\u56de\u5347\uff0c\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8ad6\u300d\u3001\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u4f8b\u5916\u8ad6\u300d\u4e00\u6642\u751a\u56c2\u5875\u4e0a\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4e26\u975e\u6709\u4f55\u7279\u5225\u512a\u8d8a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u77f3\u6cb9\u5371\u6a5f\u5f8c\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4fbf\u6b65\u6b50\u7f8e\u5f8c\u5875\u9081\u5165\u5f8c\u5de5\u696d\u5316\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u754c\u4ea6\u958b\u59cb\u63a8\u884c\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\uff0c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u5c31\u696d\u4eba\u6578\u4e0b\u8dcc\u800c\u5931\u696d\u7387\u4e0d\u589e\uff0c\u4e3b\u56e0\u5728\u65bc\u6709\u5973\u6027\u3001\u9752\u5e74\u3001\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u53ca\u975e\u9996\u90fd\u5708\u5730\u5340\u4e4b\u985e\u300c\u5f31\u74b0\u300d\u5438\u6536\u9707\u76ea\uff0c\u5c07\u554f\u984c\u300c\u908a\u7de3\u5316\u300d\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u4f01\u696d\u88c1\u54e1\u5f80\u5f80\u5148\u5f9e\u5973\u6027\u8457\u624b\uff0c\u800c\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u5927\u4f01\u696d\u5916\u5224\u4e88\u5730\u5340\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u7684\u5de5\u5ee0\u54e1\u5de5\u4ee5\u4f4e\u85aa\u81e8\u6642\u5de5\u53ca\u517c\u8077\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u53c8\u4ee5\u5973\u6027\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u89e3\u96c7\u901a\u5e38\u8f49\u8077\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e3b\u5a66\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u52de\u52d5\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u6d41\u5931\u56e0\u800c\u672a\u53cd\u6620\u65bc\u5931\u696d\u7387\u4e0a\u30021960\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u671f\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5a66\u5973\u52de\u52d5\u4eba\u53e3\u591a\u9054\u4e00\u5343\u516d\u767e\u842c\uff0c\u9ad8\u65bc\u5c08\u696d\u4e3b\u5a66<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>\uff0c\u81f31975\u5e74\u537b\u9304\u5f97\u6b77\u53f2\u65b0\u4f4e\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5c08\u696d\u4e3b\u5a66\u4eba\u6578\u5275\u4e0b\u6b77\u4f86\u6700\u9ad8\u7d00\u9304\uff0c\u53ef\u898b\u4e00\u6591\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0a\u7aef\u521d\u73fe\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u516c\u5bb3\u3001\u5b89\u4fdd\u689d\u4f8b\u3001\u5b78\u904b\u53ca\u5973\u6027\u904b\u52d5\u7b49\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u91ce\u9ee8\u5982\u65e5\u672c\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u9ee8\u65bc1972\u5e74\u773e\u8b70\u9662\u9078\u8209\u8072\u52e2\u58ef\u5927\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u5a01\u8105\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u60c5\u6cc1\u672a\u7b97\u56b4\u91cd\uff1a\u4e00\u4f86\u7dca\u63a5\u9ad8\u901f\u589e\u9577\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u666e\u904d\u6d0b\u6ea2\u6a02\u89c0\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u6839\u64da1973\u5e74\u7e3d\u7406\u5e9c\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u81ea\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u4e2d\u6d41\u300d\u8005\u4f54\u4eba\u53e3\u4e5d\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u8b02\u5f9e\u610f\u8b58\u4e0a\u6210\u529f\u5be6\u73fe\u300c\u4e00\u5104\u7e3d\u4e2d\u6d41\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>\uff1b\u4e8c\u4f86\u501f\u52a9\u65bc\u9ad8\u901f\u589e\u9577\u6642\u671f\u76f8\u5c0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6536\u5165\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u5927\u773e\u6d88\u8cbb\u793e\u6703\u5f97\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a>\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u53d7\u4e03\u3001\u516b\u25cb\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u4e8b\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u901a\u8139\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u7f6e\u4e0d\u8d77\u696d\u4f46\u4ecd\u8ca0\u64d4\u5f97\u8d77\u5bb6\u96fb\u3001\u6c7d\u8eca\u7b49\u4e2d\u7522\u6d88\u8cbb\u54c1\uff0c\u4e0d\u6eff\u6709\u9650\uff1b\u4e09\u4f86\u793a\u5a01\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u54e1\u4f86\u81ea\u5b78\u751f\u53ca\u4e3b\u5a66\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u7562\u696d\u6295\u8eab\u793e\u6703\u81ea\u7136\u9060\u96e2\u5b78\u904b\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u8981\u7dad\u6301\u5230\u5927\u4f01\u696d\u7537\u6027\u6b63\u793e\u54e1\u7684\u5c31\u696d\u7387\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u990a\u5bb6\u6d3b\u5152\uff0c\u5718\u584a\u4e16\u4ee3\u4e5f\u5c31\u5f97\u904e\u4e14\u904e\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5c31\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u61c9\u6025\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u7121\u52a9\u6839\u6cbb\u5f0a\u7aef\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u5021\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u5f0f\u7d93\u71df\u300d\uff0c\u8b1b\u7a76\u8ad6\u8cc7\u6392\u8f29\uff08\u300c\u5e74\u529f\u5e8f\u5217\u300d\uff09\u7684\u6b63\u793e\u54e1\u7d42\u8eab\u96c7\u7528\u5236\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u50c5\u50c5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5931\u696d\u4fdd\u969c\u800c\u975e\u8f49\u8077\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4fc3\u6210\u4f01\u696d\u50f5\u5316\uff0c\u52a0\u5287\u300c\u6703\u54e1\u5236\u793e\u6703\u300d\u7684\u60e1\u6027\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u4f01\u696d\u7d42\u8eab\u50f1\u54e1\u4f54\u5168\u9ad4\u52de\u52d5\u4eba\u53e3\u4e0d\u904e\u4e00\u6210\uff081970\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u5dee\u8ddd\u6ce8\u5b9a\u64f4\u5927\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5c0d\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u96c7\u7528\u5f37\u8abf\u5f48\u6027\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u898f\u5236\u653e\u5bec\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u57ce\u9109\u5dee\u7570\u60e1\u5316\u4e4b\u9918\uff0c\u53c8\u6ecb\u751f\u5927\u6279\u6d3e\u9063\u54e1\u5de5\u3001\u5916\u5224\u81e8\u6642\u5de5\u53ca\u81ea\u7531\u517c\u8077\u8005\uff08\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\uff09\u7b49\u4f4e\u85aa\u65cf\uff0c\u57cb\u4e0b\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u5747\u4e43\u81f3\u968e\u7d1a\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u6839\u6e90\uff1b\u8af8\u5982\u5c07\u6b63\u793e\u54e1\u914d\u5076\u7d0d\u5165\u4e09\u865f\u53d7\u4fdd\u8a08\u5283\uff08\u6bcb\u9808\u7e73\u4ea4\u4fdd\u8cbb\uff09\uff0c\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u52a9\u7dad\u7e6b\u5bb6\u5ead\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u5c0d\u55ae\u8eab\u5973\u6027\u6216\u55ae\u89aa\u5bb6\u5ead\u7d93\u6fdf\u56f0\u5883\u537b\u7121\u8457\u58a8\uff1b\u62d6\u5ef6\u6539\u9769\u570b\u6c11\u5e74\u91d1\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u6309\u50b3\u7d71\u601d\u7dad\u63a8\u60f3\u9577\u8005\u6709\u5152\u5b6b\u4f9b\u990a\uff0c\u7121\u8996\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u96c7\u54e1\u53ca\u7368\u5c45\u8001\u4eba\u5bb9\u6613\u9677\u5165\u9000\u4f11\u8ca1\u56f0\uff0c\u55ae\u9760\u5fae\u8584\u5e74\u91d1\uff08\u6bcf\u6708\u7d04\u516d\u842c\u65e5\u5143\uff09\u4e26\u7121\u52a9\u89e3\u6c7a\u8001\u4eba\u8ca7\u7aae\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u793e\u6703\u5949\u884c\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u6539\u9769\u906d\u5ef6\u8aa4\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u7b56\u53c8\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u64e0\u58d3\u5f31\u52e2\u793e\u7fa4\u3002\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u5ef6\u7e8c\u5230\u512a\u52e2\uff0c\u4f46\u6b63\u5982\u5085\u9ad8\u7fa9\u65bc1979\u5e74\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u7b2c\u4e00\u300b\uff08<em>Japan as Number One<\/em>\uff09\u7d42\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6771\u4e9e\u5404\u65b0\u8208\u570b\u5de5\u696d\u7fa4\u8d77\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u4e0d\u5229\u65e5\u672c\u4f9d\u9760\u5bc6\u96c6\u52de\u52d5\u578b\u7522\u696d\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u751f\u7522\u589e\u9577\uff1b\u4eba\u53e3\u8001\u5316\u6f38\u6210\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u7d42\u8eab\u96c7\u7528\u5236\u4f01\u696d\u4eba\u4e8b\u6210\u672c\u5c07\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u9ad8\uff1b\u5f31\u52e2\u4f4e\u85aa\u65cf\u5982\u5973\u6027\u3001\u9752\u5e74\u3001\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u53ca\u5408\u7d04\u52de\u5de5\u4e00\u65e6\u9047\u4e0a\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0d\u666f\uff0c\u5c07\u7387\u5148\u88ab\u72a7\u7272\uff1b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5927\u9905\u7e2e\u5c0f\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u6eff\u8db3\u5404\u754c\uff0c\u53c8\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u7a69\uff1b\u300c\u6210\u529f\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u80fd\u5426\u5b58\u7e8c\uff1f\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a>\u8e0f\u5165\u5e73\u6210\uff0c\u570b\u5167\u793e\u6703\u53ca\u570b\u969b\u5927\u74b0\u5883\u8f49\u8b8a\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u793e\u6703\u6a5f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5168\u4e4b\u7a98\u614b\u4fbf\u9010\u6f38\u5448\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5e73\u6210\u53f2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5e73\u6210\u4f0a\u59cb\uff0c\u6311\u6230\u5373\u63a5\u8e35\u800c\u4f86\uff1a\u51b7\u6230\u79e9\u5e8f\u7d42\u7d50\u3001\u6ce1\u6cab\u7d93\u6fdf\u7206\u7834\u3001\u5f8c\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u52a0\u5287\u3001\u9ad8\u9f61\u5316\u5c11\u5b50\u5316\uff081989\u5e74\u4f4e\u51fa\u751f\u7387\u300c\u4e00\uff0e\u4e94\u4e03\u885d\u64ca\u300d\uff09\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7e3d\u62ec\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5e73\u6210\u4e00\u4e16\u4e26\u7121\u89e3\u6c7a\u7e7c\u627f\u81ea\u662d\u548c\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u5c0d\u65b0\u554f\u984c\u4ea6\u672a\u63d0\u51fa\u6709\u529b\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\u4ee5\u300c\u62d6\u5ef6\u300d\uff08\u5148\u5ef6\u3070\u3057\uff09\u8207\u300c\u88ab\u907a\u6f0f\u8005\u300d\uff08\u6f0f\u308c\u843d\u3061\u305f\u4eba\u3073\u3068\uff09\u6982\u62ec\u5e73\u6210\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u5de5\u696d\u53ca\u798f\u7949\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u9670\u5f71\u4f9d\u7136\u7c60\u7f69\u793e\u6703\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5f8c\u5de5\u696d\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u5169\u6b21\u77f3\u6cb9\u5371\u6a5f\u91cd\u5275\u5168\u7403\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u51fa\u53e3\u5546\u54c1\u5099\u53d7\u6253\u64ca\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u958b\u59cb\u53e6\u8b00\u51fa\u8def\uff0c\u4ee5\u64f4\u5927\u5167\u9700\u62b5\u92b7\u51fa\u53e3\u91cf\u4f4e\u8ff7\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u501a\u8cf4\u5927\u8208\u571f\u6728\u3002\u8af8\u5982\u7530\u4e2d\u89d2\u69ae\u4efb\u5167\uff081972\u20131974\uff09\u5021\u8b70\u7684\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u5217\u5cf6\u6539\u9020\u8ad6\u300d\u56e0\u5730\u50f9\u904e\u71b1\u53ca\u901a\u8139\u6025\u73fe\u800c\u4e00\u5ea6\u80ce\u6b7b\u8179\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ca\u81f31985\u5e74\u7f8e\u65e5\u5ee3\u5834\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u65e5\u5143\u88ab\u8feb\u6025\u5287\u5347\u503c\uff0c\u5169\u5e74\u9593\u7531\u4e00\u7f8e\u5143\u514c\u4e8c\u767e\u4e09\u5341\u516b\u65e5\u5143\u5347\u81f3\u4e00\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u65e5\u5143\uff0c\u532f\u7387\u9ad8\u4f01\uff0c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u79d1\u6280\u9010\u6b65\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u53f0\u7063\u3001\u97d3\u570b\u3001\u83f2\u5f8b\u8cd3\u7b49\u4e9e\u6d32\u591a\u570b\u9678\u7e8c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u5168\u7403\u5316\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u7af6\u722d\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u5de5\u5ee0\u6301\u7e8c\u6d41\u51fa\u570b\u5916\uff0c\u5efa\u9020\u696d\u65bc\u662f\u64d4\u7576\u8d77\u632f\u8208\u65e5\u672c\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u6a4b\u982d\u5821\u3002\u4f8b\u59821990\u5e74\u524d\u5f8c\u65e5\u672c\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u751f\u7522\u7387\u7d04\u70ba\u516d\uff05\uff0c2000\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u6500\u5347\u81f315%\uff1b\u800c\u6d77\u5916\u76f4\u63a5\u6295\u8cc7\u7387\u4ea6\u898b\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u65e5\u65b9\u5c0d\u97d3\u570b\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u984d\u75311985\u5e74\u4e00\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u6025\u589e\u81f31989\u5e74\u516d\u767e\u4e03\u5341\u4e94\u5104\uff0c\u6cf0\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u5f8c\uff0c\u65e5\u65b9\u6295\u8cc7\u984d\u65bc\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u56db\u5e74\u81f3\u516b\u4e5d\u5e74\u9593\u66f4\u662f\u98c6\u5347\u5341\u500d\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u4e00\u5ea6\u70ba\u65e5\u672c\u5e36\u4f86\u9ad8\u901f\u589e\u9577\u53ca\u5168\u6c11\u5c31\u696d\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u751f\u7522\u6548\u7387\u6210\u9577\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u76f4\u81f32000\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u7684\u6eab\u548c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5fa9\u7526\u4f9d\u7136\u4ef0\u8cf4\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u589e\u9577\u2500\u2500\u6d3e\u9063\u54e1\u5de5\u8ca2\u737b\u4e0d\u5c11\u2500\u2500\u5c24\u5176\u501a\u91cd\u4e2d\u570b\u9032\u53e3\uff082004\u5e74\u8d77\u4e2d\u570b\u8d85\u8d8a\u7f8e\u570b\u6210\u70ba\u65e5\u672c\u6700\u5927\u8cbf\u6613\u5925\u4f34\uff09\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a>\u8003\u616e\u5230\u7d93\u6fdf\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5916\u4ea4\u570b\u7b56\u4ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u514d\u65bc\u5f8c\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u8da8\u52e2\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u8207\u4e2d\u570b\u4ea4\u597d\u5247\u6703\u5f97\u5931\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u800c\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\u672c\u5c1a\u672a\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e9e\u6d32\u5340\u57df\u5408\u4f5c\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff08TPP\u6210\u529f\u8207\u5426\u9084\u662f\u672a\u77e5\u4e4b\u6578\uff09\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u65e5\u672c\u4ecd\u53d7\u5236\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u300c\u64ec\u4f3c\u51b7\u6230\u9ad4\u5236\u300d\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u9069\u61c9\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8207\u5f8c\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7522\u696d\u8f49\u79fb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5efa\u8a2d\u6295\u8cc7\u984d\u75311985\u5e74\u7d04\u4e94\u5341\u5146\u65e5\u5143\u6500\u5347\u81f31990\u5e74\u516b\u5341\u4e09\u5146\u65e5\u5143\uff0c\u671f\u9593\u6771\u4eac\u7063\u8de8\u6d77\u516c\u8def\u3001\u7063\u5cb8\u958b\u767c\uff08\u5e55\u5f35\u65b0\u90fd\u5fc3\u3001\u81e8\u6d77\u526f\u90fd\u5fc3\u3001\u6a6b\u6ff1\u6e2f\u672a\u4f86 21\u3001\u5343\u8449\u65b0\u57ce\u7b49\uff09\u3001\u95dc\u897f\u570b\u969b\u6a5f\u5834\u3001\u5927\u962a\u79d1\u6280\u6e2f\u4e4b\u985e\u5927\u578b\u57fa\u5efa\u8a08\u5283\u8457\u624b\u52d5\u5de5\uff1b1989\u5e74\u5efa\u9020\u696d\u516c\u53f8\u7d04\u6709\u4e94\u5341\u842c\u4e5d\u5343\u9593\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u5167\u589e\u52a0\u7d04\u5341\u842c\u9593\uff1b1998\u5e74\uff0c\u5efa\u9020\u696d\u5c31\u696d\u4eba\u6578\u4f54\u6574\u9ad4\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u4e00\u6210\u6709\u591a\uff0c\u5169\u500d\u65bc1956\u516d\u5e74\u6578\u503c\uff0c\u51a0\u7d55\u4e00\u773e\u5bcc\u88d5\u570b\u5bb6\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a>\u64f4\u5927\u5167\u9700\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u662f\u523a\u6fc0\u6d88\u8cbb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u570b\u5167\u65c5\u904a\u696d\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7522\u696d\u30021987\u5e74\u8d77\u5341\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u5168\u65e5\u672c\u6709\u516d\u767e\u842c\u516c\u9803\u571f\u5730\uff08\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u570b\u571f\u9762\u7a4d\u768416%\uff09\u7528\u65bc\u958b\u767c\u70ba\u9ad8\u723e\u592b\u7403\u5834\u3001\u6ed1\u96ea\u5834\u4e00\u985e\u6e21\u5047\u5834\u6240\uff0c\u800c\u4eca\u5929\u65e5\u672c\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u3001\u6587\u5316\u9928\u5230\u8655\u6797\u7acb\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u78ba\u7acb\u65bc1980\u5e74\u5f8c\u534a\uff1a1987\u5e74\u81f31999\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5168\u570b\u6587\u5316\u6703\u9928\u589e\u52a0\u7d04\u4e00\u5343\u6240\uff0c\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u5f9e\u4e09\u767e\u4e03\u5341\u4e5d\u9593\u589e\u81f3\u4e5d\u767e\u516b\u5341\u4e03\u9593\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9928\u5247\u589e\u5e45\u903e\u500d\uff0c\u591a\u9054\u4e94\u5343\u4e00\u767e\u25cb\u4e5d\u6240\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a>\u904e\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8cf4\u5efa\u9020\u696d\u5bb9\u6613\u4fc3\u6210\u571f\u5730\u6295\u6a5f\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u6301\u4e45\uff0c\u670d\u52d9\u696d\u5247\u5c6c\u65bc\u4f4e\u85aa\u916c\u4f4e\u6280\u8853\u5de5\u7a2e\uff0c\u589e\u9577\u7387\u9060\u9060\u4e0d\u53ca\u88fd\u9020\u696d\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u7686\u96e3\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u820a\u4f86\u793e\u6703\u7684\u69ae\u666f\u3002\u9762\u81e8\u5f8c\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u8207\u7522\u696d\u8f49\u79fb\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u793e\u6703\u7684\u914d\u5957\u53ea\u6703\u52a0\u5287\u539f\u6709\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u5408\u6642\u5b9c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ce1\u6cab\u7206\u7834<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee5\u4f4e\u5229\u7387\u523a\u6fc0\u6295\u8cc7\uff0c\u96d6\u80fd\u7dad\u6301\u7d93\u6fdf\u589e\u9577\u7387\uff081975\u81f31991\u5e74\u9593\u65e5\u672c\u570b\u6c11\u751f\u7522\u7e3d\u503c\u5e73\u5747\u70ba4%\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4ea6\u91c0\u6210\u6ce1\u6cab\u7d93\u6fdf\u3002\u9451\u65bc\u5730\u50f9\u53ca\u80a1\u50f9\u5df2\u7136\u904e\u71b1\uff0c\u5927\u85cf\u7701\u75311989\u5e74\u8d77\u9010\u6b65\u52a0\u606f\uff0c\u5c07\u501f\u8cb8\u5229\u7387\u75312.5%\u63d0\u5347\u81f36%\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4e0d\u51fa\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u7d93\u6307\u6578\u7531\u56db\u842c\u9ede\u6025\u964d\u81f3\u5169\u842c\u9ede\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u5730\u7522\u516c\u53f8\u9678\u7e8c\u7834\u7522\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u9010\u6f38\u64f4\u6563\u81f3\u5404\u884c\u696d\uff0c\u52301992\u5e74\u65e5\u7d93\u8dcc\u81f3\u4e00\u842c\u56db\u5343\u9ede\uff0c\u5927\u85cf\u7701\u65b9\u624d\u4e0b\u8abf\u5229\u7387\u6551\u5e02\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u9280\u884c\u5df2\u7d2f\u7a4d\u904e\u591a\u58de\u5e33\uff0c\u8ca8\u5e63\u653f\u7b56\u518d\u5bec\u9b06\u4ea6\u4e0d\u9858\u501f\u8cb8\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u7a92\u7919\u7d93\u6fdf\u6578\u64da\u5fa9\u7526\uff0c\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u5931\u843d\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u300d\uff0c1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u7d93\u6fdf\u589e\u9577\u7387\u5e73\u5747\u50c5\u5f971.4%\u3002\u5e02\u6cc1\u4e0d\u666f\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u7dca\u7e2e\u958b\u652f\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u8058\u7528\u65b0\u8840\u540c\u6642\u9063\u6563\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u54e1\u5de5\uff0c\u5269\u9918\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u5247\u7531\u73fe\u5f79\u6b63\u793e\u54e1\u52a0\u73ed\u5206\u64d4\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u5192\u8d77\u7684\u300c\u793e\u755c\u300d\u3001\u300c\u904e\u52de\u6b7b\u300d\u554f\u984c\u5c31\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u793e\u6703\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u8870\u9000\u9762\u524d\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u3002\u6539\u9769\u547c\u8072\u9ad8\u6f32\uff0c\u6ce1\u6cab\u7d93\u6fdf\u7206\u7834\u7fcc\u5e74\u9078\u8209\uff0c\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u8b70\u5e2d\u4e0d\u904e\u534a\uff0c\u5728\u91ce\u9ee8\u806f\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0a\u53f0\uff0c\u7d30\u5ddd\u8b77\u7199\u7d44\u95a3\uff0c\u7d50\u675f\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u9023\u7e8c\u4e09\u5341\u516b\u5e74\u57f7\u653f\u7684\u300c\u4e94\u4e94\u5e74\u9ad4\u5236\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u653f\u754c\u6df7\u4e82<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u4e94\u4e94\u5e74\u9ad4\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u4e00\u9ee8\u7368\u5927\uff0c\u9ee8\u5167\u53c8\u5206\u5be1\u982d\u6d3e\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7530\u4e2d\u89d2\u69ae\u5167\u95a3\u4efb\u671f\u96d6\u7136\u4e0d\u904e\u5169\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u7530\u4e2d\u6d3e\u5247\u628a\u6301\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5c40\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u5c64\u7d1a\u67b6\u69cb\u5c0e\u81f4\u9ee8\u5167\u96e3\u4ee5\u51fa\u73fe\u6539\u9769\uff08\u8b6c\u5982\u653f\u6cbb\u9ed1\u91d1\u554f\u984c\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u6309\u9580\u95a5\u53ca\u5e74\u529f\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5206\u8d13\u653f\u6cbb\u53c8\u5f15\u8d77\u9ee8\u5167\u5c11\u58ef\u6d3e\u4e0d\u6eff\u3002\u7530\u4e2d\u89d2\u69ae\u6b7b\u5f8c\uff0c\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u6d3e\u7cfb\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u9ee8\u5167\u7570\u898b\u5206\u5b50\u5982\u5c0f\u6fa4\u4e00\u90ce\u8207\u7d30\u5ddd\u8b77\u7199\u8d811993\u5e74\u5927\u9078\u4e58\u52e2\u800c\u8d77\uff0c\u5404\u81ea\u5438\u7d0d\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u9ee8\u54e1\u53e6\u7d44\u65b0\u751f\u9ee8\u53ca\u65e5\u672c\u65b0\u9ee8\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u53cd\u64b2\u6210\u529f\u3002\u7d30\u5ddd\u5167\u95a3\u4efb\u5167\u5be6\u884c\u300c\u653f\u6cbb\u8cc7\u91d1\u898f\u6b63\u6cd5\u300d\uff0c\u6539\u4ee5\u653f\u9ee8\u88dc\u52a9\u91d1\u5354\u52a9\u7121\u6d3e\u7cfb\u9ee8\u54e1\u53c3\u9078\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u9078\u8209\u4e2d\u9078\u5340\u5236\u6539\u9769\u70ba\u5c0f\u9078\u5340\u5236\uff0c\u5c0f\u9078\u5340\u6bcf\u9ee8\u516c\u8a8d\u50c5\u6709\u4e00\u4eba\u53c3\u9078\u2500\u2500\u540c\u9ee8\u4e4b\u9593\u300c\u9385\u7968\u300d\u53ea\u6703\u52a9\u9577\u6575\u9ee8\u2500\u2500\u5982\u6b64\u9ee8\u54e1\u5927\u53ef\u6bcb\u9808\u4f9d\u9644\u9580\u95a5\u51fa\u9078\u3002\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u5148\u7aef\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u526f\u6559\u6388\u83c5\u539f\u7422\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e00\u9ee8\u7368\u5927\u5236\u5d29\u89e3\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u9ee8\u4fbf\u4e00\u76f4\u6b77\u7d93\u300c\u518d\u7de8\u300d\uff08party realignment\uff09\u53ca\u300c\u812b\u7de8\u300d\uff08party dealignment\uff09\uff0c\u9ee8\u5167\u6d3e\u95a5\u5f31\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u653f\u754c\u96e3\u4ee5\u51fa\u73fe\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5169\u5927\u9ee8\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c0f\u9078\u5340\u5236\u5e36\u4f86\u4e00\u6279\u7121\u6d3e\u7cfb\u9ee8\u54e1\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u53d7\u653f\u9ee8\u62d8\u675f\u4ea6\u4e0d\u4ee5\u653f\u7b56\u65b9\u91dd\u70ba\u672c\u4f4d\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\u4ee5\u653f\u5ba2\u500b\u4eba\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u96e2\u5fc3\u52e2\u529b\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u9818\u8896\u5f37\u52e2\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5c0f\u6cc9\u7d14\u4e00\u90ce\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u5b89\u500d\u6649\u4e09\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u96e3\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8b70\u6703\u5c0d\u5167\u95a3\u7684\u653b\u8a10\uff0c\u8af8\u5982\u300c\u52a0\u85e4\u4e4b\u4e82\u300d\u3001\u300c\u9ebb\u751f\u5305\u570d\u7db2\u300d\u3001\u83c5\u76f4\u4eba\u70ba\u907f\u904e\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u52d5\u8b70\u800c\u5411\u9ee8\u5167\u627f\u8afe\u6709\u689d\u4ef6\u8fad\u8077\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u53c8\u4e00\u500b\u77ed\u547d\u653f\u6b0a\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u6253\u64ca\u570b\u6c11\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u9078\u8209\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6d88\u8cbb\u4e3b\u5c0e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0b\u884c\uff0c\u7d30\u5ddd\u8b77\u7199\u5167\u95a3\u70ba\u7c4c\u63aa\u8cc7\u6e90\u652f\u63f4\u65e2\u6709\u798f\u5229\uff0c\u6253\u7b97\u5ee2\u9664\u6d88\u8cbb\u7a05\uff0c\u53e6\u7acb\u7a05\u73877%\u7684\u570b\u6c11\u798f\u7949\u7a05\uff0c\u906d\u806f\u76df\u5167\u90e8\u53cd\u5c0d\uff0c\u7d30\u5ddd\u8fad\u8077\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u9ee8\u6751\u5c71\u5bcc\u5e02\u63a5\u4efb\uff0c\u5c07\u6d88\u8cbb\u7a05\u75313%\u8abf\u5347\u81f34%\uff0c\u9593\u63a5\u4fc3\u6210\u793e\u6703\u9ee8\u89e3\u9ad4\u30022008\u5e74\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u9ce9\u5c71\u7531\u7d00\u592b\u63d0\u51fa\u56db\u5e74\u5167\u4e0d\u4e0a\u8abf\u6d88\u8cbb\u7a05\u7684\u7af6\u9078\u627f\u8afe\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u5927\u52dd\uff0c\u53ca\u5f8c\u7e7c\u4efb\u8005\u5982\u83c5\u76f4\u4eba\u8207\u91ce\u7530\u4f73\u5f65\u537b\u91cd\u63d0\u6d88\u8cbb\u7a05\uff0c\u76f8\u7e7c\u653f\u6cbb\u81ea\u6bba\uff1b\u5373\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c23\u9ad8\u4f01\u5982\u5b89\u500d\u6649\u4e09\uff0c\u4ea6\u591a\u756a\u62bc\u5f8c\u6d88\u8cbb\u7a05\u4e0a\u8abf\u6642\u9593\u8868\u3002\u6d88\u8cbb\u7a05\u662f\u654f\u611f\u8a71\u984c\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u7576\u7136\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u6d88\u8cbb\u793e\u6703\u30021985\u5e74\u8d77\u5c31\u300c\u5186\u9ad8\u4e0d\u6cc1\u300d\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9996\u76f8\u4e2d\u66fe\u6839\u5eb7\u5f18\u5ba3\u7a31\u6b63\u597d\u300c\u4e00\u4eba\u8cb7\u4e00\u767e\u7f8e\u91d1\u8236\u4f86\u54c1\u300d\uff0c\u4fbf\u8c61\u5fb5\u65e5\u672c\u6b63\u5f9e\u504f\u91cd\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u904e\u6e21\u81f3\u6d88\u8cbb\u4e3b\u5c0e\u793e\u6703\u3002\u5ee3\u5834\u5354\u8b70\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u9678\u7e8c\u5ee2\u9664\u5927\u5e97\u6cd5\u3001\u7159\u9152\u5c08\u8ce3\u3001\u50f9\u683c\u7ba1\u5236\u3001\u820a\u7ce7\u98df\u7ba1\u7406\u6cd5\u7b49\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4e43\u81f31996\u5e74\u5b6b\u6b63\u7fa9\u4ee5\u300c\u50f9\u683c\u7834\u58de\u300d\u666e\u53ca\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53ca\u8fd1\u5e74TPP\u7684\u5021\u8b70\uff0c\u5747\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u793e\u6703\u5074\u91cd\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee81998\u5e74\u9996\u5c46\u7d71\u4e00\u5927\u6703\u5c31\u5ba3\u7a31\u4ee3\u8868\u300c\u6392\u9664\u65bc\u5b98\u50da\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u4ee5\u5916\u4e4b\u751f\u6d3b\u8005\u3001\u7d0d\u7a05\u4eba\u3001\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u300d\u3002\u5728\u5f8c\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u52de\u52d5\u8005\u3001\u751f\u7522\u8005\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u2500\u2500\u7279\u5225\u662f\u90fd\u5e02\u5c45\u6c11\u2500\u2500\u66f4\u50be\u5411\u754c\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u70ba\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u8207\u751f\u7522\u8005\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e26\u975e\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e8c\u5143\u5c0d\u7acb\u80fd\u5920\u7e3d\u7d50\uff0c\u5ee2\u9664\u4fdd\u8b77\u63aa\u65bd\u4ea6\u4e0d\u7121\u5f8c\u907a\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5404\u5730\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u5546\u5e97\u8857\u5728\u5927\u5e97\u6cd5\u5ee2\u9664\u5f8c\u6210\u6279\u5012\u9589\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u798f\u5229\u4e0d\u516c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u6d88\u8cbb\u7a05\u4f5c\u70ba\u652f\u6301\u798f\u5229\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u653f\u5ba2\u59a5\u5354\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u798f\u7949\u300d\u7684\u990a\u8001\u91d1\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u570b\u6c11\u5e74\u91d1\uff08\u8986\u84cb\u6240\u6709\u570b\u6c11\uff09\u52a0\u4e0a\u539a\u751f\u5e74\u91d1\uff08\u9650\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u6b63\u898f\u96c7\u7528\u54e1\u5de5\uff09\u6216\u5171\u6fdf\u5e74\u91d1\uff08\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u516c\u52d9\u54e1\uff09\u56fa\u7136\u8db3\u5920\uff08\u6bcf\u6708\u5171\u7d04\u5341\u4e94\u842c\u65e5\u5143\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u55ae\u9760\u570b\u6c11\u5e74\u91d1\uff08\u6bcf\u6708\u7d04\u516d\u842c\u65e5\u5143\uff09\u5247\u96e3\u4ee5\u7dad\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u4f01\u696d\u5e74\u91d1\u53c8\u6309\u6b63\u898f\u8207\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u54e1\u5de5\u8eab\u4efd\u5283\u5206\u70ba\u754c\u5b9a\u5229\u76ca\uff08defined benefit plan\uff09\u8207\u754c\u5b9a\u4f9b\u6b3e\uff08defined contribution plan\uff09\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u7167\u5e74\u8cc7\u53ca\u85aa\u916c\u5b9a\u984d\u5206\u767c\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u5f37\u7a4d\u91d1\uff0c\u9000\u4f11\u6240\u5f97\u76f8\u5c0d\u6d6e\u52d5\uff0c\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u54e1\u5de5\u4e43\u81f3\u5931\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\u4e00\u773e\u5f31\u52e2\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u9000\u4f11\u751f\u6d3b\u76f8\u7576\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u8abf\u5347\u6d88\u8cbb\u7a05\u591a\u5c11\u662f\u5c48\u5f9e\u65bc\u5546\u754c\u4e0d\u6b32\u589e\u52a0\u4f01\u696d\u5e74\u91d1\u8cbb\u7684\u59a5\u5354\u4e4b\u8209\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\u5c0f\u6cc9\u7d14\u4e00\u90ce\u4efb\u5167\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u7b56\uff08\u8b6c\u59822001\u5e74\u5f15\u5165\u754c\u5b9a\u4f9b\u6b3e\u5236\uff09\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u5c07\u554f\u984c\u8f49\u5ac1\u6210\u500b\u4eba\u8cac\u4efb\uff08\u6295\u8cc7\u7406\u8ca1\uff09\uff0c\u52a0\u5287\u8058\u7528\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u5167\u95a3\u8d77\u521d\u63d0\u5021\u793e\u6703\u4fdd\u969c\u300c\u4e00\u5143\u5316\u300d\uff0c\u6539\u884c\u5168\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u798f\u7949\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u73fe\u8c61\u2500\u2500\u4f8b\u59822000\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u300c\u4e09\u865f\u53d7\u4fdd\u8005\u5236\u300d\u5c0d\u5927\u4f01\u696d\u54e1\u5de5\u914d\u5076\uff08\u5c08\u696d\u4e3b\u5a66\u70ba\u4e3b\uff09\u7684\u88dc\u52a9\u91d1\u984d\u9ad8\u9054\u4e00\u5146\u4e09\u5343\u5104\u65e5\u5143\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u55ae\u89aa\u6bcd\u5b50\u5bb6\u5ead\u8fd1\u534a\u9677\u5165\u8ca7\u7aae\uff0c\u800c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u63aa\u65bd\u7adf\u5c0e\u81f4\u5152\u7ae5\u8ca7\u56f0\u7387\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u70ba\u767c\u9054\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7d55\u7121\u50c5\u6709<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a>\u3002\u8b70\u6848\u906d\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u53cd\u5c0d\u4e4b\u4e0b\u672a\u80fd\u901a\u904e\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u4fdd\u653f\u7b56\u5982\u5152\u7ae5\u6d25\u8cbc\u53c8\u505c\u7559\u65bc\u5165\u606f\u9650\u5236\u5f0f\u5f31\u8005\u6551\u6fdf\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u552f\u6709\u91cd\u56de\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d88\u8cbb\u7a05\u7684\u8001\u8abf\u3002\u6cd5\u653f\u5927\u5b78\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u4ec1\u5e73\u5178\u5b8f\u5c31\u4ee5\u300c\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u300d\uff08\u652f\u4ed8\u80fd\u529b\u539f\u5247\uff09\uff0f\u300c\u812b\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u300d\uff08\u5229\u76ca\u539f\u5247\uff09\u5f62\u5bb9\u5e73\u6210\u6642\u671f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u662d\u548c\u6642\u4ee3\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u751f\u6d3b\u4fdd\u969c\u5e95\u4e0b\u751f\u7522\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u62c9\u92f8\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6703\u54e1\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u793e\u6703\u4fdd\u969c\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\u4e0d\u6210\uff0c\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6108\u898b\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9020\u5c31\u968e\u7d1a\u793e\u6703\u30021970\u5e74\u4ee3\u6709\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u4e00\u5104\u7e3d\u4e2d\u6d41\u300d\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u6309\u5f8c\u7e8c\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u81ea\u89ba\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e2d\u6d41\uff08\u4e2d\u4e0a\u81f3\u4e2d\u4e0b\uff09\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\u5176\u5be6\u8b8a\u5316\u4e0d\u5927\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a> \u4e0d\u904e\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6\u5409\u5ddd\u5fb9\u6307\u51fa\uff0c1975\u5e74\u81f31995\u5e74\u9593\u6578\u503c\u8868\u9762\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u8077\u696d\u3001\u5b78\u6b77\u53ca\u6536\u5165\u9010\u6f38\u6ef2\u5165\u968e\u5c64\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u7531\u8d77\u521d\u5f71\u97ff\u5fae\u5f31\uff0c\u5230\u5f8c\u671f\u5247\u6210\u70ba\u968e\u7d1a\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a> \u95dc\u897f\u5b78\u9662\u5927\u5b78\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u90e8\u526f\u6559\u6388\u8cb4\u6238\u7406\u6075\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u81ea\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6210\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u4e00\u76f4\u5949\u884c\u300c\u6703\u54e1\u5236\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\uff0c\u7531\u5b78\u6821\u8207\u4f01\u696d\u64d4\u4efb\u6a1e\u7d10\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u65e5\u672c\u4e26\u7121\u7d71\u4e00\u8003\u8a66\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u5404\u81ea\u8a2d\u5165\u5b78\u8a66\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u96e3\u4ee5\u8a55\u4f30\u7562\u696d\u751f\u6210\u7e3e\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u501a\u91cd\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u53e3\u7891\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a> \u5b78\u6821\u8ca0\u8cac\u51fa\u53e3\u4f01\u696d\u4eba\u624d\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u70ba\u54c1\u8cea\u7ba1\u7406\u628a\u95dc\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u91cd\u8996\u5b78\u6b77\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u300c\u5b78\u6821\u8207\u4f01\u696d\u904e\u5206\u6210\u529f\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\"><sup>[18]<\/sup><\/a>\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u53ea\u9867\u8003\u53d6\u540d\u6821\u53ca\u5927\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u300c\u6703\u54e1\u8cc7\u683c\u300d\uff0c\u53c8\u9020\u6210\u300c\u6559\u80b2\u53ca\u5de5\u4f5c\u5167\u5bb9\u7a7a\u6d1e\u5316\u300d\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\"><sup>[19]<\/sup><\/a> \u6703\u54e1\u5236\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4ef0\u8cf4\u300c\u5b78\u6821 &gt;&gt; \u4f01\u696d &gt;&gt; \u793e\u6703\u300d\u7684\u6263\u9023\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f46\u7576\u6ce1\u6cab\u7d93\u6fdf\u5e7b\u6ec5\uff0c\u7d42\u8eab\u96c7\u7528\u5927\u6e1b\u4e43\u81f3\u6210\u70ba\u4e16\u4ee3\u9ad4\u9a57\uff0c\u6703\u54e1\u8cc7\u683c\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u52d5\u6416\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u540c\u5115\u7af6\u722d\u4ea6\u66f4\u5f62\u6fc0\u70c8\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u4e00\u822c\u7562\u696d\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u4fbf\u5df2\u958b\u59cb\u6c42\u8077\uff0c\u671f\u9593\u5f80\u5f80\u8352\u5ee2\u5b78\u696d\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u65e6\u932f\u904e\u62db\u8058\u671f\u4ecd\u672a\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u5165\u8077\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53c8\u8981\u518d\u7b49\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u50be\u5411\u5ef6\u652c\u65b0\u751f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u6c42\u8077\u5931\u6557\u8005\u7d22\u6027\u653e\u68c4\u6b63\u898f\u52de\u52d5\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u81ea\u7531\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4f01\u696d\u53c8\u9bae\u5c11\u8058\u7528\u8f49\u8077\u8005\uff0c\u4ee4\u88ab\u907a\u6f0f\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u96e3\u4ee5\u7ffb\u8eab\u3002\u76f4\u81f32017\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u8df3\u69fd\u4eba\u6578\u9054\u4e09\u767e\u842c\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u4e0d\u5230\u6574\u9ad4\u52de\u52d5\u4eba\u53e3\u76845%\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5e95\u5c64\u968e\u7d1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u96a8\u7740\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u5747\u64f4\u5927\uff0c\u968e\u7d1a\u4ea6\u5448\u73fe\u56fa\u5b9a\u5316\u8da8\u52e2\u3002\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6\u6a4b\u672c\u5065\u4e8c\u5c07\u7576\u4ee3\u65e5\u672c\u793e\u6703\u5283\u5206\u70ba\u4e94\u500b\u968e\u7d1a\uff1a\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u65b0\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\uff08\u53d7\u85aa\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\u3001\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\u3001\u9ad8\u5c64\u8077\u54e1\uff09\u3001\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\uff08\u53d7\u85aa\u52de\u5de5\uff09\u3001\u820a\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\uff08\u81ea\u96c7\u4eba\u58eb\u3001\u5bb6\u65cf\u7d93\u71df\u8005\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u300c\u968e\u7d1a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u300d\u7684\u5e95\u5c64\u968e\u7d1a\uff08Underclass\uff1b\u517c\u8077\u4e3b\u5a66\u9664\u5916\u7684\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u52de\u52d5\u8005\uff09\u3002\u64da2012\u5e74\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u5e95\u5c64\u968e\u7d1a\u4eba\u53e3\u75312002\u5e74\u516d\u767e\u4e5d\u5341\u4e00\u842c\u5287\u589e\u81f3\u4e5d\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\u842c\uff0c\u6bd4\u820a\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u516b\u767e\u9918\u842c\u4eba\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u4f54\u5168\u9ad4\u5c31\u696d\u4eba\u53e3\u8fd115%\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u4e94\u500b\u968e\u7d1a\u4e4b\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u6fc0\u589e\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5f9e\u4e8b\u9ad4\u529b\u52de\u52d5\u53ca\u670d\u52d9\u696d\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u500b\u4eba\u5e74\u85aa\u50c5\u5f97\u4e00\u767e\u516b\u5341\u516d\u842c\u65e5\u5143\uff0c\u5c6c\u65bc\u6975\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd1\u534a\u5973\u6027\u9677\u5165\u8ca7\u56f0\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\"><sup>[20]<\/sup><\/a> \u6709\u5b78\u8005\u5982\u6e6f\u6dfa\u8aa0\u4e3b\u5f35\u554f\u984c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e0d\u5747\u800c\u5728\u8ca7\u56f0\uff0c\u4f46\u64da\u6a4b\u672c\u5065\u4e8c\u5206\u67902015\u5e74\u7d71\u8a08\u6307\uff0c\u968e\u7d1a\u4e16\u8972\u7387\u65bc\u5e73\u6210\u5e74\u9593\u6108\u898b\u6500\u5347\uff0c\u8207\u7236\u89aa\u96b8\u5c6c\u540c\u4e00\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u4f54\u56db\u6210\uff0c\u65b0\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u8207\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u76f8\u7d04\uff08\u5206\u5225\u70ba57.4%\u53ca55.6%\uff09\uff0c\u820a\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u5247\u76f8\u5c0d\u6d41\u52d5\uff0822.3%\uff09\uff0c\u968e\u7d1a\u79fb\u52d5\u4e3b\u8981\u6d41\u5411\u65b0\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u53ca\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\uff08\u5404\u4f54\u4e09\u6210\u591a\uff09\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u65e5\u672c\u6b63\u7531\u300c\u683c\u5dee\u793e\u6703\u300d\uff08\u76f8\u5c0d\u6d41\u52d5\uff09\u6f14\u8b8a\u70ba\u300c\u968e\u7d1a\u793e\u6703\u300d\uff08\u76f8\u5c0d\u56fa\u5b9a\uff09\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn21\" name=\"_ftnref21\"><sup>[21]<\/sup><\/a> \u793e\u6703\u5411\u4e0a\u6d41\u52d5\u4ea6\u898b\u505c\u6eef\uff0c\u65b0\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u689d\u4ef6\u76f8\u5c0d\u512a\u6e25\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ea6\u50c5\u67092.3%\u6649\u8eab\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u968e\u5c64\uff0c\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u5c64\u65bc1995\u5e74\u5f8c\u4ea6\u5448\u56fa\u5b9a\u5316\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c<a href=\"#_ftn22\" name=\"_ftnref22\"><sup>[22]<\/sup><\/a> \u547c\u61c9\u5b78\u8005\u5c71\u7530\u660c\u5b8f\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u8cea\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u300d\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u55ae\u6191\u500b\u4eba\u52aa\u529b\u7121\u6cd5\u5f4c\u5408\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u8207\u9694\u95a1\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\"><sup>[23]<\/sup><\/a> \u75311980\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u8d77\uff0c\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u96c7\u7528\u958b\u59cb\u64f4\u5927\uff0c\u50f1\u54e1\u75311984\u5e74\u4f54\u6574\u9ad4\u52de\u52d5\u529b15%\uff0c\u6025\u5347\u81f32008\u5e7435%\u3002\u91d1\u878d\u6d77\u562f\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u65b0\u5e74\u6d3e\u9063\u6751\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u51fa\u6539\u9769\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u53cd\u5c0d\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u5bb9\u8a31\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u5be6\u884c\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u8058\u7528\uff0c\u7d14\u7cb9\u7981\u6b62\u4e09\u5341\u65e5\u5167\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u5951\u7d04\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f15\u5165\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u50f1\u54e1\u8f49\u5347\u6b63\u793e\u54e1\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u6210\u679c\u6709\u9650\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\"><sup>[24]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5730\u57df\u5dee\u7570<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u9664\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u8077\u696d\u3001\u5b78\u6b77\u3001\u6027\u5225\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u5747\u4ea6\u9ad4\u73fe\u65bc\u5730\u57df\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b78\u6cd5\u5b78\u90e8\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u4e2d\u6fa4\u79c0\u96c4\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u81ea1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u7530\u4e2d\u89d2\u69ae\u63d0\u51fa\u300c\u571f\u5efa\u570b\u5bb6\u300d\uff08\u958b\u767c\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff09\u69cb\u60f3\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u57df\u4e00\u76f4\u5949\u884c\u300c\u98a8\u96aa\u88dc\u511f\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u300c\u96fb\u6e90\u4e09\u6cd5\u300d\u4ee5\u88dc\u52a9\u91d1\u63db\u53d6\u6771\u5317\u5730\u5340\u8208\u5efa\u6838\u96fb\u5ee0\u70ba\u9996\u90fd\u5708\u53ca\u5de5\u696d\u5730\u5340\u63d0\u4f9b\u96fb\u529b\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u662f1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u6d25\u8cbc\u958b\u767c\u5168\u570b\u89c0\u5149\u5834\u6240\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u696d\u6d25\u8cbc\u4e0d\u4f46\u9020\u6210\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u904e\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8cf4\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u9677\u5165\u9577\u671f\u50b5\u52d9\u540c\u6642\u5931\u53bb\u300c\u5167\u767c\u300d\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u4ea6\u52a0\u5287\u5730\u5340\u5931\u8861\uff0c\u5c31\u696d\u4eba\u53e3\u8b8a\u6210\u4ee5\u516c\u52d9\u54e1\u53ca\u5efa\u9020\u696d\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u5916\u4f86\u88dc\u52a9\u5c0d\u5730\u5340\u4f01\u696d\u53c8\u7121\u592a\u5927\u88e8\u76ca\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u67cf\u5d0e\u5208\u7fbd\u6838\u96fb\u5ee0\u5efa\u8a2d\u5c0d\u7576\u5730\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u5e36\u6308\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u81ea\u52d5\u8ca9\u8ce3\u6a5f\u7684\u8a02\u55ae\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn25\" name=\"_ftnref25\"><sup>[25]<\/sup><\/a>\u82e5\u8aaa\u662d\u548c\u6642\u671f\u653f\u5e9c\u4ecd\u7136\u4ee5\u300c\u7a7a\u9593\u51f1\u56e0\u65af\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u7684\u4fee\u8fad\u63a9\u98fe\u57ce\u5e02\u7368\u5927\u7684\u65b9\u91dd\uff0c\u5e73\u6210\u5e74\u9593\u5247\u662f\u516c\u7136\u5021\u5c0e\u300c\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u7acb\u5730\u653f\u7b56\u300d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u653e\u68c4\u300c\u570b\u571f\u5747\u8861\u767c\u5c55\u300d\u9858\u666f\u30021998\u5e74\u5927\u6279\u81ea\u6c11\u9ee8\u8b70\u54e1\u6307\u8cac\u88dc\u511f\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u516c\uff0c\u6279\u8a55\u90fd\u5e02\u7d0d\u7a05\u4eba\u7684\u7a05\u91d1\u904e\u5ea6\u6d41\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u8a72\u5e74\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u300c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u570b\u571f\u7e3d\u8a2d\u8a08\u300d\u548c2008\u5e74\u7684\u300c\u570b\u571f\u5f62\u6210\u8a08\u5283\u300d\u660e\u767d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u300c\u5927\u90fd\u6703\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d93\u6fdf\u6d3b\u52d5\u8207\u570b\u969b\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u64da\u9ede\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u7aef\u90fd\u5e02\u6a5f\u80fd\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u5247\u70ba\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u4f9b\u7d66\u4eba\u6750\u3001\u98df\u7269\u3001\u6c34\u548c\u80fd\u6e90\u3002\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn26\" name=\"_ftnref26\"><sup>[26]<\/sup><\/a>\u7522\u696d\u7a7a\u6d1e\u5316\u53ca\u6d25\u8cbc\u958b\u767c\u5931\u6557\u6848\u4f8b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u5915\u5f35\u89c0\u5149\u696d\uff09\u52a0\u5287\u9109\u6751\u4eba\u53e3\u6d41\u5931\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u9ad8\u9f61\u5316\u5c11\u5b50\u5316\uff0c\u300c\u5730\u65b9\u570b\u300d\u8207\u300c\u6771\u4eac\u570b\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5dee\u7570\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u5927\u3002\u4e09\u4e00\u4e00\u5730\u9707\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5730\u57df\u4e0d\u5747\u554f\u984c\u5c07\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u96e3\u9003\u907f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ee4\u548c\u53f2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5e73\u6210\u4e00\u4e16\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u6c7a\u65e2\u6709\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u5de5\u696d\u53ca\u798f\u5229\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u7a4d\u5f0a\uff0c\u73fe\u7531\u4ee4\u548c\u63a5\u624b\u3002\u89c0\u4e4e\u8fd1\u5e74\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u5c07\u554f\u984c\u300c\u8f38\u51fa\u300d\u7684\u50be\u5411\uff1a\u5e74\u91d1\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\u4e0d\u679c\uff0c\u4e00\u6279\u9000\u4f11\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u990a\u8001\u91d1\u4e0d\u6577\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u79fb\u5c45\u6d77\u5916\u9000\u4f11\uff0c\u55ae\u8a08\u6cf0\u570b\uff0c\u622a\u81f32016\u5e74\u5df2\u6709\u516b\u842c\u540d\u65e5\u672c\u9577\u8005\u843d\u6236\u904e\u8001<a href=\"#_ftn27\" name=\"_ftnref27\"><sup>[27]<\/sup><\/a>\uff1b\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u96c7\u7528\u554f\u984c\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u5b89\u500d\u6649\u4e09\u53cd\u800c\u63d0\u6848\u5f15\u5165\u5916\u7c4d\u52de\u5de5\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u4e0d\u6642\u767c\u751f\u4f86\u81ea\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7559\u5b78\u751f\u6216\u5be6\u7fd2\u751f\u906d\u53d7\u76e4\u525d\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u8d8a\u5357\u5916\u52de\u88ab\u4f01\u696d\u8207\u4e2d\u4ecb\u8a98\u9a19\u5230\u798f\u5cf6\u5730\u5340\u9664\u6c61\u7b49\u7b49<a href=\"#_ftn28\" name=\"_ftnref28\"><sup>[28]<\/sup><\/a>\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u73fe\u6709\u7d04\u4e00\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u842c\u5916\u7c4d\u52de\u5de5\uff0c\u800c\u81ea2019\u5e744\u6708\u8d77\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5c07\u65bc\u4e94\u5e74\u5167\u63a5\u6536\u4e09\u5341\u56db\u842c\u591a\u540d\u300c\u7279\u5b9a\u6280\u80fd\u300d\u5916\u52de\u3002\u79fb\u6c11\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u300c\u597d\u8655\u300d\u9664\u4e86\u4f4e\u85aa\u4f4e\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u53c8\u6bcb\u9808\u8ca0\u64d4\u5176\u6559\u80b2\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u65e6\u5931\u696d\u6216\u7d04\u6eff\u56de\u570b\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u5931\u696d\u7387\u300c\u9063\u8fd4\u300d\uff0c\u7701\u537b\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u798f\u5229\u63f4\u52a9\u3002\u5409\u898b\u4fca\u54c9\u66fe\u7d93\u9810\u8a00\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8207\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9ad4\u5236\u4e00\u65e5\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u70ba\u6c42\u52a0\u5f37\u7af6\u722d\u529b\uff0c\u6b63\u898f\u8207\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u96c7\u7528\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u5c07\u6108\u6f14\u6108\u70c8\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u65e5\u76ca\u64f4\u5927\uff0c\u4ee4\u65e5\u672c\u5bcc\u88d5\u793e\u6703\u6700\u7d42\u8da8\u65bc\u89e3\u9ad4\u3002\u300c\u4e00\u500b\u5168\u793e\u6703\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u9b25\u722d\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u6b63\u5728\u6372\u571f\u91cd\u4f86\u3002\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn29\" name=\"_ftnref29\"><sup>[29]<\/sup><\/a> \u968e\u7d1a\u77db\u76fe\u80fd\u5426\u7528\u5916\u52de\u898f\u907f\uff0c\u798f\u5229\u4e0d\u5747\u53c8\u53ef\u5426\u8f38\u51fa\u570b\u5916\u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u4ee4\u548c\u4e00\u4ee3\u6216\u8005\u5c07\u6709\u5206\u66c9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u91cb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\uff0c\u3008\u7dcf\u8aaa\u2500\u2500\u300c\u5148\u5ef6\u3070\u3057\u300d\u3068\u300c\u6f0f\u308c\u843d\u3061\u305f\u4eba\u3073\u3068\u300d\u3009\uff0c\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\u7de8\uff0c\u300a\u5e73\u6210\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff1a\u6cb3\u51fa\u66f8\u623f\u65b0\u793e\uff0c2012\uff09\uff0c\u9801 32\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801 25\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u5442\u7f8e\u5973\uff0c\u3008\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u6539\u8b8a\u65e5\u672c\u3009\u3002\u53d6\u81ea\u5929\u4e0b\u96dc\u8a8c\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cw.com.tw\/index.php\/article\/article.action?id=5038148\">https:\/\/www.cw.com.tw\/index.php\/article\/article.action?id=5038148<\/a>\uff0c2019 \u5e74 4 \u6708 28 \u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u5409\u898b\u4fca\u54c9\u8457\uff0c\u674e\u632f\u8072\u8b6f\uff0c\u3008\u300c\u5931\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u300d\u9593\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u5f8c\u6230\u5f8c\u793e\u6703\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u4e2d\u548c\u51fa\u7248\uff0c2017\uff09\uff0c\u9801 257\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u6b66\u7530\u6674\u4eba\u8457\uff0c\u5f90\u975c\u6ce2\u8b6f\uff0c\u3008\u70ba\u4f55\u65e5\u672c\u80fd\u5920\u5be6\u73fe\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad8\u901f\u589e\u9577\uff1f\u3009\uff0c\u5ca9\u6ce2\u65b0\u66f8\u7de8\u8f2f\u90e8\u7de8\uff0c\u300a\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u8a8d\u8b58\u65e5\u672c\u8fd1\u73fe\u4ee3\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u4e2d\u548c\u51fa\u7248\uff0c2017\uff09\uff0c\u9801 224\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a>\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\uff0c\u3008\u7dcf\u8aaa\u3009\uff0c\u9801 43\u201344\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801 47\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Andrew Gordon \u8457\uff0c\u674e\u671d\u6d25\u8b6f\uff0c\u3008\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u300c\u5931\u843d\u5e74\u4ee3\u300d\u3009\uff0c\u300a200 \u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2014\uff09\uff0c\u9801 434-435\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a>\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\uff0c\u3008\u56fd\u969b\u74b0\u5883\u3068\u30ca\u30b7\u30e7\u30ca\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u2500\u2500\u300c\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30c3\u30c8\u5316\u300d\u3068\u64ec\u4f3c\u51b7\u6226\u4f53\u5236\u3009\uff0c\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\u7de8\uff0c\u300a\u5e73\u6210\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff1a\u6cb3\u51fa\u66f8\u623f\u65b0\u793e\uff0c2012\uff09\uff0c\u9801 448-449\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a>\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\uff0c\u3008\u7dcf\u8aaa\u3009\uff0c\u9801 49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801 46\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u83c5\u539f\u7422\uff0c\u3008\u653f\u6cbb\u2500\u2500\u518d\u751f\u7523\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6df7\u8ff7\u3068\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3092\u5897\u3059\u6709\u6a29\u8005\u3009\uff0c\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\u7de8\uff0c\u300a\u5e73\u6210\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff1a\u6cb3\u51fa\u66f8\u623f\u65b0\u793e\uff0c2012\uff09\uff0c\u9801 115\u2013126\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a>\u4ec1\u5e73\u5178\u5b8f\uff0c\u3008\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u2500\u2500\u30cd\u30aa\u30ea\u30d9\u30e9\u30eb\u5316\u3068\u666e\u904d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5316\u306e\u306f\u3056\u307e\u3067\u3009\uff0c\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\u7de8\uff0c\u300a\u5e73\u6210\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff1a\u6cb3\u51fa\u66f8\u623f\u65b0\u793e\uff0c2012\uff09\uff0c\u9801 265\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a>\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801 222\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u6a4b\u672c\u5065\u4e8c\uff0c\u3008\u5206\u89e3\u3057\u305f\u300c\u4e2d\u6d41\u300d\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u65b0\u30fb\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u968e\u7d1a\u793e\u4f1a\u300b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff1a\u8b1b\u8ac7\u793e\uff0c2018\uff09\uff0c\u9801 29\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801 32\u00ad\u201333\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> \u8cb4\u6238\u7406\u6075\uff0c\u3008\u6559\u80b2\u2500\u2500\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u30fb\u82e5\u8005\u3068\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u300d\u3068\u306e\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u306e\u5909\u5bb9\u3009\uff0c\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\u7de8\uff0c\u300a\u5e73\u6210\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff1a\u6cb3\u51fa\u66f8\u623f\u65b0\u793e\uff0c2012\uff09\uff0c\u9801 288\u2013289\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801 315\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801 311\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a>\u6a4b\u672c\u5065\u4e8c\uff0c\u3008\u30a2\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u3068\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u968e\u7d1a\u793e\u4f1a\u69cb\u9020\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u65b0\uff0e\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u968e\u7d1a\u793e\u4f1a\u300b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff1a\u8b1b\u8ac7\u793e\uff0c2018\uff09\uff0c\u9801 89\u201390\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801 126\u2013127\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801 136\u2013137\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a>\u5409\u898b\u4fca\u54c9\uff0c\u3008\u300c\u5931\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u300d\u9593\u3009\uff0c\u9801 262\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a>Andrew Gordon \uff0c\u3008\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u300c\u5931\u843d\u5e74\u4ee3\u300d\u3009\uff0c\u9801 444\u2013446\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a>\u4e2d\u6fa4\u79c0\u96c4\uff0c\u3008\u5730\u65b9\u3068\u4e2d\u592e\u2500\u2500\u300c\u5747\u8861\u3042\u308b\u767a\u5c55\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5efa\u524d\u306e\u5d29\u58ca\u3009\uff0c\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\u7de8\uff0c\u300a\u5e73\u6210\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff1a\u6cb3\u51fa\u66f8\u623f\u65b0\u793e\uff0c2012\uff09\uff0c\u9801 182-183\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a>\u5c0f\u718a\u82f1\u4e8c\uff0c\u3008\u7dcf\u8aaa\u3009\uff0c\u9801 78\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> \u91d1\u5176\u742a\uff0c\u3008\u5728\u990a\u8001\u5929\u5802\u5b64\u7368\u6b7b\u53bb\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u8001\u4eba\u3009\u3002\u53d6\u81ea\u7aef\u50b3\u5a92\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/theinitium.com\/article\/20160814-dailynews-japan-retiring-in-thailand\">https:\/\/theinitium.com\/article\/20160814-dailynews-japan-retiring-in-thailand<\/a>\uff0c2019 \u5e74 4 \u6708 26 \u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> \u3008\u6c92\u60f3\u5230\u662f\u53bb\u300c\u9664\u67d3\u300d\uff01\u4e00\u8d8a\u5357\u5be6\u7fd2\u751f\u7684\u5728\u65e5\u906d\u9047\u3009\u3002\u53d6\u81ea\u65e5\u7d93\u4e2d\u6587\u7db2\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.cn.nikkei.com\/politicsaeconomy\/politicsasociety\/29501-2018-03-07-05-00-20.html\">https:\/\/zh.cn.nikkei.com\/politicsaeconomy\/politicsasociety\/29501-2018-03-07-05-00-20.html<\/a>\uff0c2019 \u5e74 4 \u6708 27 \u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a>\u5409\u898b\u4fca\u54c9\uff0c\u3008\u300c\u5931\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u300d\u9593\u3009\uff0c\u9801 266\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5e73\u6210\u7d42\u65bc\u4e00\u4e16\u3002\u6539\u5143\u4e26\u7121\u5be6\u8cea\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u56e0\u8972\u5e74\u865f\u8ff0\u53f2\uff0c\u7d14\u7cb9\u56e0\u5e73\u6210\u4f0a\u59cb\uff081989\uff09\u8207\u51b7\u6230\u7d50\u675f\u3001\u4e94\u4e94\u5e74\u9ad4\u5236\u5d29\u89e3\uff081993\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e5\u672c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6ce1\u6cab\u7206\u7834\uff081992\uff09\u5927\u81f4\u91cd\u758a\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u4e09\u4e00\u4e00\u5730\u9707\u6642\u671f\u5247\u8c61\u5fb51970\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u65e5\u672c\u578b\u5de5&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2157,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[428,107],"tags":[1546,1545,1544,1541,1543,1542,1540,1547],"ppma_author":[1498],"aioseo_notices":[],"authors":[{"term_id":1498,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"%e9%99%b3%e5%9c%8b%e6%a6%ae","display_name":"\u9673\u570b\u69ae","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","first_name":"","last_name":"","user_url":"","description":"\u534a\u500b\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3002"}],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2156"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2156"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2156\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2157"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2156"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2156"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2156"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fppma_author&post=2156"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}