{"id":1357,"date":"2018-08-05T15:02:04","date_gmt":"2018-08-05T07:02:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=1357"},"modified":"2018-08-06T18:02:38","modified_gmt":"2018-08-06T10:02:38","slug":"%e9%82%81%e5%90%91%e3%80%8c%e6%96%87%e6%98%8e%e7%9a%84%e5%9c%8b%e5%ae%b6%e3%80%8d%e2%94%80%e2%94%80%e6%97%a5%e6%9c%ac%e8%bf%91%e7%8f%be%e4%bb%a3%e5%8f%b2%e3%80%8a%e6%b0%91%e6%ac%8a%e8%88%87%e6%86%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paratext.hk\/?p=1357","title":{"rendered":"\u9081\u5411\u300c\u6587\u660e\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u300d\u2500\u2500\u65e5\u672c\u8fd1\u73fe\u4ee3\u53f2\u300a\u6c11\u6b0a\u8207\u61b2\u6cd5\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u539f\u6587\u520a\u65bc\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u8fd1\u73fe\u4ee3\u53f2\u5377\u4e8c\uff1a<\/strong><strong>\u6c11\u6b0a\u8207\u61b2\u6cd5<\/strong><strong>\u300b\uff08\u4e2d\u548c\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/strong><strong>2016<\/strong><strong>\uff09\uff0c\u6a19\u984c\u70ba\u7de8\u8f2f\u64ec\u5b9a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u300c\u958b\u8a2d\u570b\u6703\u4e4b\u597d\u6642\u6a5f\u300d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p 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style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u4f46\u662f\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u9996\u8166\u53ea\u770b\u5230\u897f\u5357\u6230\u722d\u7d42\u7d50\u4e86\u53cd\u653f\u5e9c\u58eb\u65cf\u52e2\u529b\u596a\u53d6\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u5728\u9019\u5834\u300c\u5927\u52dd\u5229\u300d\u80cc\u5f8c\u96b1\u85cf\u8457\u5c07\u6703\u52d5\u6416\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u6b0a\u529b\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u5011\u65e9\u5c31\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u5236\u5b9a\u61b2\u6cd5\u3001\u958b\u8a2d\u8b70\u6703\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u6642\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5c07\u5176\u4f5c\u70ba\u7dca\u8feb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8ab2\u984c\uff0c\u66f4\u6c92\u6709\u60f3\u5230\u5f8c\u4f86\u6703\u88ab\u5728\u91ce\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\u903c\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7d00\u5c3e\u4e95\u753a\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u4e00\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c1878\u5e745\u670814\u65e5\u65e9\u6668\uff0c\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u53c3\u8b70\u517c\u5167\u52d9\u537f\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>\u5c0d\u9020\u8a2a\u4ed6\u5bb6\u7684\u798f\u5cf6\u7e23\u6b0a\u4ee4\u5c71\u5409\u76db\u5178\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u4ee5\u5341\u5e74\u70ba\u55ae\u4f4d\u5283\u5206\u660e\u6cbb\u5143\u5e74\u5f8c\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5247\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u662f\u300c\u5275\u696d\u300d\u6642\u671f\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u6642\u671f\u96d6\u300c\u5175\u99ac\u9a37\u64fe\u300d\u4e0d\u65b7\u3001\u75b2\u65bc\u300c\u6771\u5954\u897f\u8d70\u3001\u51fa\u5175\u6d77\u5916\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7d42\u7e3d\u7b97\u9084\u662f\u5b89\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e0b\u4f86\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u751a\u70ba\u95dc\u9375\uff0c\u70ba\u6574\u9813\u5167\u6cbb\u3001\u5236\u6c11\u4e4b\u7522\uff0c\u672c\u4eba\u96d6\u4e0d\u8096\u4f46\u4ecd\u6c7a\u5fc3\u76e1\u8077\u65bc\u5167\u52d9\u537f\u3002\u800c\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u300c\u5b88\u6210\u300d\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u90a3\u6642\u4e00\u5207\u5c07\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7d66\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e4b\u8ce2\u8005\u3002\uff08\u5c71\u5409\u76db\u5178\uff1a\u300a\u6fdf\u4e16\u907a\u8a00\u300b<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>\uff09<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5176\u5be6\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u7576\u6642\u7684\u793e\u6703\u653f\u6cbb\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a\u6b63\u5728\u8457\u624b\u767c\u884c\u8208\u696d\u516c\u50b5\u4ee5\u63a8\u884c\u6b96\u7522\u8208\u696d\u548c\u9f13\u52f5\u58eb\u65cf\u5275\u696d\uff0c<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a>\u540c\u6642\u6b63\u5728\u8b00\u5283\u6539\u9769\u5730\u65b9\u5236\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u719f\u7684\u5929\u7687\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u7406\u60f3\u6c92\u6709\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u9019\u5929\u4e0a\u5348\u516b\u9ede\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a\u4e58\u5750\u99ac\u8eca\u96e2\u958b\u79c1\u5b85\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u4f4d\u65bc\u8d64\u5742\u81e8\u6642\u5bd3\u6240\u5167\u7684\u592a\u653f\u5b98\u90b8\u4e0a\u73ed\uff0c\u5728\u5f9e\u8d64\u5742\u898b\u9644\u9032\u5165\u7d00\u5c3e\u4e95\u753a\u7684\u4e00\u689d\u50fb\u975c\u3001\u72f9\u7a84\u7684\u593e\u9053\u6642\uff08\u9019\u689d\u593e\u9053\u7684\u5de6\u53f3\u5169\u908a\u5206\u5225\u662f\u5317\u767d\u5ddd\u5bae\u5b85\u90b8\u548c\u58ec\u751f\u57fa\u4fee\u5b85\u90b8\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u8d64\u5742\u738b\u5b50\u98ef\u5e97\u6240\u5728\u5730\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u65b0\u5927\u8c37\u98ef\u5e97\u6240\u5728\u5730\uff09\uff0c\u88ab\u77f3\u5ddd\u7e23\u58eb\u65cf\u5cf6\u7530\u4e00\u826f\u7b49\u516d\u4eba\u6240\u65ac\u6bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5cf6\u7530\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u300a\u65ac\u5978\u72c0\u300b\u4e2d\u7533\u8a0e\u9053\uff1a\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u300c\u4e0a\u975e\u51fa\u81ea\u65bc\u5929\u7687\u965b\u4e0b\u4e4b\u8056\u65e8\uff0c\u4e0b\u975e\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u773e\u5eb6\u4eba\u6c11\u4e4b\u516c\u8b70\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u6578\u540d\u7368\u5c45\u8981\u8077\u4e4b\u5b98\u540f\u81c6\u65b7\u5c08\u6c7a\u300d\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u81ea\u660e\u6cbb\u516d\u5e74\u570d\u7e5e\u300c\u5f81\u97d3\u8ad6\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a>\u767c\u751f\u653f\u8b8a\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c 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name=\"_ftnref8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a>\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7576\u8fb2\u6c11\u8d77\u7fa9\u8ecd\u8feb\u8fd1\u57ce\u7246\u6642\uff0c\u85e4\u5802\u85e9\u653f\u5e9c\u8ecd\u7684\u69cd\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u653e\u7a7a\u69cd\uff0c \u4f46\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u50cf\u8981\u5831\u4ec7\u4e00\u6a23\u5730\u6bba\u622e\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u6bba\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u300c\u50b2\u7136\u81ea\u6063\u2026\u2026\uff0c\u4f55\u4ee5\u8b02\u738b\u653f\u54c9\u300d\u3002\uff08\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u5927\u7cfb\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\uff1a\u6c11\u773e\u904b\u52d5\u300b\uff09\u5e55\u5e9c\u672b\u671f\u4ee5\u5f8c\u4e00\u76f4\u8207\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u6cbb\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u963f\u8010\u601d\u7279\uff0e\u85a9\u6fe4<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a>\u4e5f\u5728\u65e5\u8a18\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff0c 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name=\"_ftnref10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a>\u5927\u9688\u91cd\u4fe1\u51fa\u8eab\u65bc\u4f50\u8cc0\u85e9\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u5728\u8ca1\u653f\u65b9\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u51fa\u985e\u62d4\u8403\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u4ee5\u85a9\u6469\u3001\u9577\u5dde\u7684\u85e9\u95a5\u4f54\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u5c6c\u65bc\u65c1\u7cfb\uff0c\u9577\u5dde\u85e9\u95a5\u4f0a\u85e4\u535a\u6587\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u6210\u70ba\u653f\u6b0a\u904b\u8f49\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u64da\u8aaa\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a\u6c89\u9ed8\u5be1\u8a00\u3001\u975e\u5fc5\u8981\u6642\u4e0d\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u8b93\u8eab\u908a\u7684\u4eba\u60f6\u60f6\u4e0d\u53ef\u7d42\u65e5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f0a\u85e4\u535a\u6587\u5247\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f85\u4eba\u96a8\u548c\u800c\u4e0d\u6545\u4f5c\u5a01\u56b4\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u5169\u8005\u500b\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e5f\u8c61\u5fb5\u4e86\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u7279\u9ede\u3002\u5728\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a\u57f7\u653f\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u793e\u6703\u6b0a\u529b\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u4e00\u908a\u93ae\u58d3\u5b88\u820a\u6d3e\u58eb\u65cf\u7684\u53db\u4e82\u548c\u6c11\u773e\u5c0d\u65bc\u65b0\u653f\u7684\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u4e00\u908a\u5275\u8a2d\u5404\u7a2e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5176\u51fa\u53f0\u7684\u5fb5\u5175\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u56db\u6c11\u5e73\u7b49\u300d\u70ba\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u89e3\u9664\u4e86\u58eb\u65cf\u7684\u6b66\u88dd\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5e73\u6c11\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5fb5\u53ec\u5165\u4f0d\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u62db\u81f4\u4e86\u4f86\u81ea\u58eb\u65cf\u548c\u5e73\u6c11\u5169\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f37\u70c8\u53cd\u5c0d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9806\u5f9e\u7576\u6642\u7684\u300c\u8f3f\u8ad6\u300d\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u5236\u5ea6\u5728\u7576\u6642\u4e5f\u8a31\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u78ba\u7acb\u3002\u524d\u8ff0\u963f\u8010\u601d\u7279\uff0e\u85a9\u6fe4\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u8207\u5176\u8aaa\u662f\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u662f\u7576\u6642\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u7684\u5b64\u7acb\u8655\u5883\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a\u7b49\u7684\u57f7\u653f\u98a8\u683c\u78ba\u5be6\u50cf\u300c\u6709\u53f8\u5c08\u5236\u300d\u3001\u300c\u81c6\u65b7\u5c08\u6c7a\u300d\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u6240\u5f62\u5bb9\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6fc0\u9032\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u897f\u5357\u6230\u722d\u6700\u7d42\u65b7\u7d55\u4e86\u300c\u5c01\u5efa\u5fa9\u8f9f\u300d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5728\u5efa\u8a2d\u8fd1\u4ee3\u570b\u5bb6\u9019\u4e00\u76ee\u6a19\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u8ab0\u4f86\u638c\u63e1\u4e3b\u5c0e\u6b0a\uff0c\u9b25\u722d\u8b8a\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6fc0\u70c8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u5728\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u5275\u696d\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u548c\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u300d\u9032\u884c\u9b25\u722d\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5176\u5f8c\u300c\u5efa\u8a2d\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u300d\u5c31\u662f\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u300c\u672a\u4f86\u300d\u9032\u884c\u9b25\u722d\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u9b25\u722d\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u6210\u4e86\u5f15\u5c0e\u300c\u6587\u660e\u300d\u3001\u300c\u9032\u6b65\u300d\u7684\u5f37\u6709\u529b\u7684\u65d7\u624b\uff0c\u800c\u653f\u5e9c\u65b9\u9762\u537b\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u5b88\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5167\u90e8\u77db\u76fe\u6fc0\u5316\u3002\u5df2\u7d93\u904e\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u6b72\u7684\u660e\u6cbb\u5929\u7687\u958b\u59cb\u6279\u5224\u6587\u660e\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u85a9\u6469\u3001\u9577\u5dde\u52e2\u529b\u5c0d\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u58df\u65b7\uff0c\u5176\u89aa\u4fe1\u5143\u7530\u6c38\u5b5a\u3001\u4f50\u4f50\u6728\u9ad8\u884c\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u589e\u5927\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a>\u53f3\u5927\u81e3\u5ca9\u5009\u5177\u8996<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a>\u5728\u83ef\u65cf\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u548c\u53c3\u8b70\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u548c\u4f0a\u85e4\u535a\u6587\u610f\u898b\u5c0d\u7acb\uff0c \u9023\u660e\u6cbb\u5341\u56db\u5e74\u767c\u751f\u7684\u6d41\u653e\u5927\u9688\u91cd\u4fe1\u7684\u653f\u8b8a\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u9032\u884c\u904e\u300c\u5408\u8b00\u300d\u3002\u5c71\u7e23\u6709\u670b<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a>\u96d6\u7136\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u548c\u4f0a\u85e4\u535a\u6587\u6b65\u8abf\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u9678\u8ecd\u8b8a\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u64da\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u8981\u4fdd\u8b49\u6c7a\u7b56\u7684\u5805\u5b9a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u904b\u71df\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f9d\u9760\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u300c\u6c7a\u65b7\u300d\u4e86\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u4f9d\u9760\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u300c\u5236\u5ea6\u300d\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5e1d\u570b\u61b2\u6cd5\u9ad4\u5236\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7576\u6642\u932f\u7d9c\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u52e2\u529b\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u6c11\u6b0a\u3001\u6c11\u773e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u897f\u5357\u6230\u722d\u5f8c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u8b8a\u5316\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u5177\u6709\u5283\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u9996\u6b21\u771f\u6b63\u7531\u88ab\u7d71\u6cbb\u8005\u4f86\u96c6\u9ad4\u8a0e\u8ad6\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u72c0\u614b\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u70ba\u5be6\u73fe\u9019\u4e00\u7406\u60f3\u72c0\u614b\u800c\u958b\u5c55\u884c\u52d5\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u8981\u6bd4\u8868\u5c64\u7684\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u300d\u3001\u300c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u300d\u672c\u8eab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u3001\u6df1\u523b\u5f97\u591a\uff1b\u6c92\u6709\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8fc5\u901f\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u78ba\u7acb\u570b\u6c11\u570b\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5c0d\u65bc\u6c11\u6b0a\u6d3e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u897f\u5357\u6230\u722d\u4e4b\u5f8c\u624d\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5275\u696d\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u8208\u8d77\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u9818\u4e3b\u5272\u64da\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u5ee2\u9664\uff0c\u79c1\u6709\u8ca1\u7522\u6b0a\u548c\u7d93\u6fdf\u81ea\u7531\u7b49\u7684\u78ba\u7acb\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fd1\u4ee3\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u5df2\u7d93\u901a\u904e\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6bd4\u897f\u6b50\u5e02\u6c11\u9769\u547d\u5fb9\u5e95\u5f97\u591a\u7684\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5730\u79df\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5c07\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8015\u5730\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u8fb2\u6c11\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u571f\u5730\u3002\u800c\u5728\u897f\u6b50\u5e02\u6c11\u9769\u547d\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u64c1\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u76f4\u63a5\u7d93\u71df\u571f\u5730\u7684\u5c01\u5efa\u9818\u4e3b\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52d5\u5730\u8f49\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u5730\u4e3b\u3002\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u662f\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u8208\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u9593\u9032\u884c\u7684\u9b25\u722d\u662f\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u53c3\u8207\u5c55\u958b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u6c11\u6b0a\u6d3e\u5728\u5176\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u8a2d\u7acb\u6c11\u9078\u8b70\u6703\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u66f8\u4e2d\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u8981\u8b93\u4eba\u6c11\u300c\u8207\u5929\u4e0b\u5171\u6182\u6a02\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u300c\u53c3\u8207\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u4e8b\u300d\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u5728\u8981\u6c42\u653f\u5e9c\u958b\u8a2d\u8b70\u6703\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u8a66\u5716\u5411\u6c11\u773e\u704c\u8f38\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c07\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u547d\u904b\u548c\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u547d\u904b\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u300c\u6211\u570b\u300d\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u548c\u300c\u570b\u6c11\u300d\u610f\u8b58\uff08National Identity\uff09\u3002\u6c92\u6709\u5c0d\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u524d\u9014\u548c\u547d\u904b\u7684\u95dc\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u653f\u6cbb\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u5c31\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u9700\u8981\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u300c\u570b\u6c11\u300d\u610f\u8b58\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u6c11\u6b0a\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u690d\u6728\u679d\u76db<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a>\u65b7\u8a00\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c07\u672c\u570b\u4e4b\u4e8b\u7576\u4f5c\u300c\u4ed6\u570b\u7570\u57df\u4e4b\u4e8b\u300d\u6301\u65c1\u89c0\u7acb\u5834\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0c\u5c0d\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u597d\u5916\u570b\u4eba\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u6975\u6613\u670d\u5f9e\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u300c\u5be6\u4e43\u570b\u5bb6\u7121\u7528\u4e4b\u4eba\u300d\u3002\uff08\u300a\u6c11\u6b0a\u81ea\u7531\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u4e00\u516b\u4e03\u4e5d\u5e74\uff09\u90a3\u4e9b\u62da\u547d\u9003\u907f\u5fb5\u5175\u7684\u6c11\u773e\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u4e3b\u5f35\u6c11\u6b0a\u7684\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u65b0\u805e\u300b\u7b49\u5a92\u9ad4\u7f75\u70ba\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u300c\u8b77\u570b\u7fa9\u52d9\u300d\u7684\u300c\u61f6\u60f0\u61e6\u5f31\u300d\u4e4b\u5f92\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5728\u5411\u6c11\u773e\u704c\u8f38\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u300d\u548c\u300c\u570b\u6c11\u610f\u8b58\u300d\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6c11\u6b0a\u6d3e\u9084\u5c0d\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u81ea\u767c\u904b\u52d5\uff08\u5982\u300c\u501f\u9322\u9ee8\u300d\u3001\u300c\u56f0\u6c11\u9ee8\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a>\uff09\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6279\u8a55\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\u4ee5\u53ca\u56e4\u7a4d\u5c45\u5947\u7b49\u6240\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u7c73\u50f9\u4e0a\u6f32\uff0c\u300c\u501f\u9322\u9ee8\u300d\u3001\u300c\u56f0\u6c11\u9ee8\u300d\u958b\u5c55\u4e86\u8981\u6c42\u964d\u4f4e\u7c73\u50f9\u7684\u904b\u52d5\uff1b\u7576\u51fa\u73fe\u901a\u8ca8\u7dca\u7e2e\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5247\u8981\u6c42\u5ef6\u671f\u6b78\u9084\u501f\u6b3e\u6216\u8005\u53d6\u6d88\u50b5\u52d9\u3002\u6c11\u6b0a\u6d3e\u6307\u8cac\u7531\u300c\u501f\u9322\u9ee8\u300d\u3001\u300c\u56f0\u6c11\u9ee8\u300d\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u884c\u70ba\u4fb5\u5bb3\u4e86\u5546\u696d\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u8ca1\u7522\u6b0a\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u985e\u4f3c\u300c\u793e\u6703\u9ee8\u300d\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u6c11\u6b0a\u6d3e\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u6c11\u64c1\u6709\u5171\u5546\u79df\u7a05\u6b0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u4eba\u8eab\u81ea\u7531\u7b49\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6b0a\u5229\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u8ca1\u7522\u6b0a\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u81ea\u7136\u53cd\u5c0d\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u7531\u7d93\u6fdf\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6c11\u6b0a\u6d3e\u7684\u6587\u660e\u89c0\u548c\u570b\u6c11\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u898f\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u6c96\u7e69\u3001\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u3001\u963f\u4f0a\u52aa\u3001\u671d\u9bae\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u570b\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u7684\u8a00\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u7531\u4e0a\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f80\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u63cf\u7e6a\u7684\u6c11\u6b0a\u6d3e\u548c\u6c11\u773e\u7ad9\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5c0d\u6297\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u69cb\u6210\u5169\u5927\u5c0d\u6297\u9663\u71df\u7684\u666f\u8c61\uff0c\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4f9d\u64da\u7684\u3002\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u8981\u5efa\u8a2d\u8fd1\u4ee3\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u5c16\u92b3\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\uff0c\u662f\u5169\u652f\u4e92\u76f8\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u6642\u5728\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u53e6\u4e00\u652f\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6c11\u773e\u3002\u6c11\u773e\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5f37\u70c8\u53cd\u5c0d\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u6301\u6709\u548c\u6c11\u6b0a\u6d3e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u4e00\u652f\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u5f9e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u5927\u529b\u91cf\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u6297\u9019\u4e00\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u628a\u63e1\u7576\u6642\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u683c\u5c40\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\u5c31\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u548c\u6c11\u773e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5169\u7a2e\u81ea\u7531<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u897f\u5357\u6230\u722d\u5f8c\u7684\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u9818\u57df\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u4e5f\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u5148\u662f1878\u5e74\u81f31881\u5e74\u9593\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\uff0c1882\u5e74\u81f31885\u5e74\u9593\u53c8\u8f49\u70ba\u901a\u8ca8\u7dca\u7e2e\uff0c\u5728\u77ed\u77ed\u7684\u4e0d\u5230\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\u88e1\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9ad4\u9a57\u7d93\u6fdf\u5f62\u52e2\u7684\u5287\u70c8\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u4e3b\u5f35\u5be6\u884c\u7a4d\u6975\u8ca1\u653f\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5927\u9688\u91cd\u4fe1\u4e0b\u53f0\uff0c\u677e\u65b9\u6b63\u7fa9<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a>\u7684\u8ca1\u653f\u7dca\u7e2e\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5be6\u65bd\u548c\u91d1\u878d\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u78ba\u7acb\u2026\u2026\u7d93\u6b77\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u5f9e1886\u5e74\u8d77\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7522\u696d\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u300c\u767c\u8ca1\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u300d\u548c\u300c\u98e2\u9913\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u300d\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5730\u79df\u6539\u9769\u5f8c\uff0c\u5411\u653f\u5e9c\u7e73\u7d0d\u79df\u7a05\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u7aae\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u671f\u671b\u7372\u5f97\u4f86\u81ea\u6751\u843d\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5e6b\u52a9\u548c\u4f86\u81ea\u884c\u653f\u7684\u6551\u52a9\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u8981\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0b\u53bb\u53ea\u6709\u4f9d\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u523b\u82e6\u548c\u624d\u80fd\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u8fb2\u6c11\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u5c0f\u81ea\u8015\u8fb2\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5247\u6d41\u6d6a\u5230\u4e86\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u3002\u5728\u5927\u962a\uff0c\u4e5e\u4e10\u6578\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u9913\u6b7b\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u8d85\u904e\u4e86\u4e09\u767e\u4eba\u3002\u4e95\u4e0a\u6bc5<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a>\u770b\u5230\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u8ca7\u6c11\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u300d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u975e\u5e38\u64d4\u6182\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300c\u6539\u826f\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u6cbb\u5efa\u8b70\u300d\uff081886\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u571f\u5730\u517c\u4f75\u548c\u7d93\u71df\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u64f4\u5927\uff0c\u5bcc\u88d5\u5730\u4e3b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5546\u4eba\u3001\u65b0\u4f01\u696d\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u4e5f\u5728\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u4f34\u96a8\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u570b\u6c11\u751f\u7522\u7e3d\u503c\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u534a\u671f\u5be6\u969b\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u5341\u56db\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0a\u534a\u671f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u3002\uff08\u77f3\u4e95\u5bec\u6cbb\uff1a\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7522\u696d\u9769\u547d\u300b\uff09\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u7e3d\u9ad4\u4e0a\u5728\u7de9\u6162\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u58eb\u65cf\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u5b50\u5f1f\uff0c\u5e73\u6c11\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u300c\u4e0a\u4eac\u57ce\u300d\u8b80\u66f8\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5728\u6b64\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u904e\u8a2d\u7acb\u4ee5\u5e1d\u570b\u5927\u5b78\u70ba\u9802\u9ede\u7684\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u5f62\u7684\u5b78\u6821\u5236\u5ea6\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u793e\u6703\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u300c\u5b78\u6b77\u300d\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e00\u500b<strong>\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba<\/strong>\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4e86\u5b78\u6b77\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u548c\u51fa\u4eba\u982d\u5730\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u5230\u4f86\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u95dc\u4fc2\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u660e\u6cbb\u6c11\u6cd5\u4e2d\u78ba\u7acb\u4e86\u6709\u95dc\u300c\u5bb6\u300d\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5728\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f34\u96a8\u8457\u6559\u54e1\u3001\u516c\u53f8\u8077\u54e1\u7b49\u65b0\u7684\u4e2d\u9593\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u300c\u5bb6\u5ead\u300d\u3001\u300c\u8ce2\u59bb\u826f\u6bcd\u300d\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u65b0\u8a5e\u8a9e\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u958b\u59cb\u8b70\u8ad6\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u300c\u7537\u4e3b\u5916\u3001\u5973\u4e3b\u5167\u300d\u9019\u7a2e\u6027\u5225\u4f5c\u7528\u5206\u5de5\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u7684\u300c\u6eab\u6696\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u300d\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c07\u5176\u8996\u70ba\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u5f62\u614b\u3002\u7576\u7136\u5373\u4f7f\u5230\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u8b80\u66f8\u51fa\u4eba\u982d\u5730\u4e5f\u597d\u3001\u904e\u5c0f\u5e02\u6c11\u5f0f\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u5c0d\u5927\u591a\u6578\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u53ef\u671b\u4e0d\u53ef\u5373\u7684\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5176\u78ba\u5be6\u958b\u59cb\u6210\u70ba\u9752\u5e74\u7537\u5973\u61a7\u61ac\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u7d66\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u89c0\u5ff5\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u751a\u9ebc\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u300c\u6587\u660e\u7684\u300d\u548c\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u300d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u524d\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u300c\u6587\u660e\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u300d\u9019\u4e00\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u958b\u59cb\u8513\u5ef6\u7684\u6642\u671f\u3002\u5de6\u53f3\u7576\u6642\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u842c\u570b\u516c\u6cd5\u300d\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u842c\u570b\u516c\u6cd5\u300d\u539f\u4f86\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u9593\u8655\u7406\u5f7c\u6b64\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u6163\u4f8b\u3002\u897f\u6b50\u5217\u5f37\u4ee5\u9019\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u70ba\u4f9d\u64da\uff0c\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u4e9e\u6d32\u3001\u975e\u6d32\u7b49\u5730\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u884c\u70ba\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u5df1\u8207\u300c\u975e\u6587\u660e\u570b\u5bb6\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u7c3d\u8a02\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u689d\u7d04\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u7acb\u5fd7\u8981\u53d6\u6d88\u8207\u5916\u570b\u5217\u5f37\u7c3d\u8a02\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u689d\u7d04\uff0c\u5176\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u901a\u904e\u6587\u660e\u958b\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u63a8\u9032\u570b\u5167\u7684\u6587\u660e\u9032\u6b65\u548c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5247\u517c\u4f75\u8766\u5937\u4e4b\u5730<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\"><sup>[18]<\/sup><\/a>\u548c\u7409\u7403\u738b\u570b\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6210\u70ba\u570b\u5167\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u9084\u8a66\u5716\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u548c\u671d\u9bae\u7372\u53d6\u8207\u897f\u6b50\u570b\u5bb6\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u512a\u8d8a\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u6587\u660e\u300d\u9019\u4e00\u50f9\u503c\u6a19\u6e96\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u6642\u671f\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5305\u62ec\u5c0d\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u548c\u6c96\u7e69\u5728\u5167\u7684\u5c0d\u5916\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4e86\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 40px;\">\u300c\u6587\u660e\u300d\u7684\u6ef2\u900f\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u5c0d\u6b50\u5316\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u548c\u5c0d\u65e5\u672c\u7279\u8272\u7684\u5f37\u8abf\u3002\u65bc\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u5c07\u5929\u7167\u5927\u795e\u7684\u5b50\u5b6b\u2500\u2500\u5929\u7687\u5bb6\u65cf\u4e00\u4ee5\u8cab\u4e4b\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\u8aaa\u6210\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4e4b\u5353\u8d8a\u6027\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5c07\u9019\u4e00\u6545\u4e8b\u4f5c\u70ba\u570b\u5bb6\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u6587\u660e\u7684\u300d\u548c\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u300d\u5169\u8005\u8207\u5176\u8aaa\u662f\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u88dc\u5145\u7684\uff1b\u6216\u8a31\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5929\u7687\u5236\u548c\u5e1d\u570b\u61b2\u6cd5\u9ad4\u5236\u5177\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u5169\u9762\u6027\uff0c\u624d\u767c\u63ee\u4e86\u7d71\u5408\u570b\u6c11\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>* \u8ffd\u8a18\uff1a\u5c0d\u65bc\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u53f2\u6599\uff0c\u5f15\u6587\u4e2d\uff3b\uff3d\u88e1\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u70ba\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6a19\u8a3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/hkcinezen.boutir.com\/item\/%E5%B2%A9%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%B0%E6%9B%B8%EF%BC%8E%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%BF%91%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2%EF%BC%8810-%E5%8D%B7%EF%BC%89\/5714339218063360\">\u3010\u8cfc\u8cb7\u300c\u5ca9\u6ce2\u65b0\u66f8\uff0e\u65e5\u672c\u8fd1\u73fe\u4ee3\u53f2\uff0810 \u5377\uff09\u300d\uff0c\u53ef\u6309\u6b64\u3011<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u91cb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u9ed1\u7530\u6e05\u9686\uff081840\u20141900\uff09\uff0c\u539f\u85a9\u6469\u85e9\u6b66\u58eb\uff0c\u660e\u6cbb\u7dad\u65b0\u5f8c\u66fe\u4efb\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u958b\u62d3\u4f7f\u9577\u5b98\u3001\u5167\u95a3\u7e3d\u7406\u5927\u81e3\u7b49\u8077\u3002\u2500\u2500\u8173\u6ce8\u5747\u70ba\u8b6f\u8005\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u677f\u57a3\u9000\u52a9\uff081837\u20141919\uff09\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u660e\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\uff0c\u539f\u571f\u4f50\u85e9\u6b66\u58eb\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u53c3\u8b70\uff0c\u5f8c\u4e0b\u91ce\u6210\u70ba\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a\uff081830\u20141878\uff09\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\uff0c\u539f\u85a9\u6469\u85e9\u6b66\u58eb\uff0c\u5fb7\u5ddd\u5e55\u5e9c\u7d71\u6cbb\u672b\u5e74\u5012\u5e55\u7dad\u65b0\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u660e\u6cbb\u521d\u671f\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8ca0\u8cac\u4eba\u3002\u300c\u53c3\u8b70\u300d\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u660e\u6cbb\u521d\u5e74\u592a\u653f\u5b98\u5e74\u9ad4\u5236\u6642\u671f\uff081869\u20141855\uff09\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8077\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u5730\u4f4d\u5728\u300c\u537f\u300d\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u53c3\u8b70\u4e4b\u4e0a\u96d6\u7136\u9084\u6709\u53f3\u5927\u81e3\u3001\u5de6\u5927\u81e3\u7b49\u8077\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u8077\u4f4d\u5927\u591a\u6c92\u6709\u5be6\u969b\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53c3\u8b70\u662f\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u9996\u8166\u3002\u53c3\u8b70\u6709\u591a\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8996\u70ba\u96c6\u9ad4\u5bb0\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u5c71\u5409\u76db\u5178\uff081835\u20141902\uff09\uff0c\u539f\u7c73\u6fa4\u85e9\u6b66\u58eb\uff0c1875\u5e74\u81f31882\u5e74\u4efb\u798f\u5cf6\u7e23\u6b0a\u4ee4\uff08\u7e23\u4ee4\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a\u88ab\u6697\u6bba\u524d\u898b\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u540d\u5b98\u54e1\u3002\u300a\u6fdf\u4e16\u907a\u8a00\u300b\u4e2d\u8a18\u8f09\u4e86\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u5229\u901a\u5728\u90a3\u6b21\u6703\u898b\u4e2d\u7684\u8ac7\u8a71\u5167\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u5fb7\u5ddd\u5e55\u5e9c\u7d71\u6cbb\u5f8c\u671f\uff0c\u6b66\u58eb\u968e\u5c64\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u7834\u7522\uff0c\u660e\u6cbb\u7dad\u65b0\u5f8c\u5be6\u884c\u7684\u5ee2\u85e9\u7f6e\u7e23\u3001\u79e9\u797f\u8655\u5206\u7b49\u653f\u7b56\u66f4\u662f\u5c0e\u81f4\u539f\u4f86\u7684\u6b66\u58eb\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u4ff8\u797f\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u8a08\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u51fa\u53f0\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u5176\u5275\u696d\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u8fb2\u5de5\u5546\u696d\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u58eb\u65cf\u6388\u7522\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u660e\u6cbb\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u6709\u4eba\u4e3b\u5f35\u7528\u6b66\u529b\u6253\u958b\u671d\u9bae\u7684\u5927\u9580\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4e3b\u5f35\u88ab\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u5f81\u97d3\u8ad6\u300d\u3002\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u300c\u5f81\u97d3\u300d\u7684\u6642\u6a5f\u548c\u7b56\u7565\u660e\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u5167\u90e8\u767c\u751f\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0e\u81f41873\u5e74\u653f\u5e9c\u5167\u90e8\u767c\u751f\u653f\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u9019\u5834\u66b4\u52d5\u6700\u521d\u8d77\u56e0\u65bc\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5730\u79df\u6539\u9769\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u9a37\u4e82\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u9a37\u4e82\u5f9e\u4e09\u91cd\u5168\u7e23\u958b\u59cb\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u4e86\u611b\u77e5\u548c\u5c90\u961c\u3002\u6b64\u8655\u7684\u5730\u79df\u4e0d\u662f\u4f43\u8fb2\u7e73\u7d0d\u7d66\u5730\u4e3b\u7684\u79df\u91d1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u76f4\u63a5\u8015\u4f5c\u571f\u5730\u7684\u8fb2\u6c11\u4ee5\u5be6\u7269\u65b9\u5f0f\u7e73\u7d0d\u7d66\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8ce6\u7a05\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> \u5bec\u653f\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5e74\u865f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5bec\u653f\u6642\u671f\u70ba1789\u5e74\u81f31801\u5e74\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u6642\u671f\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u8655\u65bc\u5fb7\u5ddd\u5e55\u5e9c\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u85e4\u5802\u85e9\u662f\u5fb7\u5ddd\u5e55\u5e9c\u6642\u671f\u7684\u8af8\u4faf\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e09\u91cd\u3001\u4f0a\u52e2\u5728\u5176\u9818\u5730\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> \u963f\u8010\u601d\u7279\uff0e\u85a9\u6fe4\uff08Sir Ernest Mason Satow\uff0c1843-1929\uff09\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\uff0c\u66fe\u9577\u671f\u6d3e\u99d0\u65e5\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" 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